Volume 8 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

The construction of any civil engineering structural project (whether house, bridge, dam or road, etc.) is carried out on or below the surface of the earth. The main aim of any structure is to transfer the load to the ground below, so that the soil below can be strong enough to support the coming loads without any loss. The building of any structure on a weak soil is very difficult and dangerous as land undergoes unequal settlements due to high compressibility and low shear strength. It is therefore of the utmost importance for us to test the engineering properties of the soil prior to construction.The current research focuses on improving the shear strength of the soil (which is one of the most technological properties of the soil) by using cement as an additive to minimize subgrade failure. Thus, the present study offers an idea for improving the geotechnical engineering properties of the soil used for subgrade pavement by using an additive that has been blended into the soil to achieve the desired result to fulfil the strength criteria. Similar standards may be extended to roads and airfields with a far stable surface layer. This can be done by combining the sandy soil and the Ordinary Portland Cement with the water and compacting the mixture to produce a stronger composite content. The present investigation therefore defines the behavioural dimension of soils mixed with 0 per cent, 5 per cent, 10 per cent and 15 per cent cement by soil volume to increase soil load bearing capacity. The shear strength and index properties, such as water content, MDD, OMC, Liquid Limit, Specific Gravity, etc., have been calculated and evaluated for the improvement of the pavement subgrade.

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 Keywords

Cement, Shear Strength, Atterber�s Limits (liquid limit),Water Content, MDD, OMC, Specific gravity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rewriting of the Indian epics has become one of the prevalent modes of writing fiction. By rewriting the great epics, the texts that were so far presented in a male voice are subverted and presented from the female perspective. Women in such novels are generally identified through their external actions and dialogues. But when presented as the narrator of a known story, the formerly shadowed characters would be cast in a different light. Apart from the story, the internal and hidden motives, fantasies and vengeance would be brought to the forefront. The following research article explores the femininity of the narrator as well as other female characters exploring plural voices in the retold epics.

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 Keywords

Femininity, first-person narration, plurality, stream of consciousness.

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 Abstract

With a rapidly growing population, there is an increase in people�s needs and consumption. This has resulted in dumping a huge amount of waste. These wastes consist of different waste materials that require different ways of treatment. Kitchen wastes are disposed of by means of organic composting techniques. Manual composting of waste requires the human workforce and it is not hygienic. The availability of technological advancements eases the process of composting. The proposed system has been designed to monitor the compost at regular intervals. The system monitors various important parameters such as temperature, moisture, pH, the level of compost in the compost bin. Users can monitor the acquired data through a realtime database or by mobile app. The objective of this proposed system is to monitor the overall composting process to achieve odorless and perfect organic manure. This system will ensure effective waste management and also will speed up the process of natural composting without any human intervention.

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best way to monitor the compost.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Gharana, Gat

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 Abstract

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Covid-19, Pandemic, Mental Health, Stress, Student, Rajasthan

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The role of missionaries as social reformers and their concern for the socio-economic plight of the tribal people indirectly made them conscious of their own right and encouraged them to finish to fight against social discrimination. The influence of Christian mission has undoubtedly been far greater than the mere growth of Christian population would suggest. Despite the spectacular increase in the number of converts among the Santals the converts still formed only a small proportion of the total Santal population. The missionaries have rendered services in the field of education, medical aid and social aid. Most of the tribes were under the clutches of money lenders causing them to dispossess their land, lose control over their own community based socio-economic structure and indigenous culture. Missionaries have undertaken different step towards making the tribes self-sufficient. The contribution of the church in the field of health services has been well appreciated by all sections of the people as well as by the government. Health centre�s run by Christians originally meant to serve the poor.

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 Keywords

Christian Missionary, Conversion, Discrimination, Identity, Marginalized

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Food is an indispensable part of life. Food not only provides us energy, nutrients and nourishes our body, but it also generates feelings of calmness, alertness and joy. Studies have provided evidence of food providing support in coping with feelings such as stress, despair, frustration, boredom or anxiety. We have a huge variety of food choices in our everyday lives. However, the lockdown announced due to COVID-19 pandemic led to shutting down of all the businesses except the basic necessities which includes, food, medicines, finances and other essential services. The government took several necessary measures so that the lives of people were not severely influenced while working to stop the spread of COVID-19. People continuously stayed home during lockdown and during this period food influenced people�s lives in various forms. The present study was carried out to know how lockdown due to COVID-19 has influenced the food pattern of people. The participants filled the online survey questionnaire which consisted of 20 questions regarding the food pattern that they experienced during lockdown. The total number of participants was 1011. The age range of the participants was 13 to 75 who were from different states of India. 41.34% males and 58.65% females participated in the study.

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Diet ,Food Pattern, Mental Health, Physical Health.

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 Abstract

The aim of this current work was to formulation and evaluation of alginate beads to increase the sustain release action of repaglinide over the floating drug delivery systems. Method: These repaglinide alginate beads were formulated by dripping technique for the multiple division of floating formulation by means of polymeric drug and gas-forming agent. Drug and polymers were subjected for compatibility studies using FTIR. The formulated beads were characterized for particle size, percentage drug entrapment efficiency, scanning electron microscopy, in-vitro buoyancy and in-vitro drug release. Results: Percentage drug entrapment was revealed the range between 59.643�.561 to 86.181�.521. And in-vitro drug release was demonstrated to be 53.997�0.297 to 72.819�0.195. From the in-vitro drug release, it was indicated the enhancing of the concentration of sodium alginate with the drug that resulted in advance delayed of the drug release. Conclusions: The obtained results from the experiment were exhibited the better sustained action of the selected drug for the floating drug delivery in the form of alginate beads. It was also best fitted in Higuchi model.

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 Keywords

Alginate beads, Sustain, Floating drug delivery, Repaglinide, Dripping Technique.

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Addiction is the most important problems of the contemporary society and on other hand self esteem is one of the most important variable and concept that might have meaningful influence on this problem. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between self-esteem and vulnerability to drug addiction among secondary school students. The sample consist of 100 of 10+2 secondary school students 50 each from the government school and private school were taken for the study from Shimla city of Himachal Pradesh. Self-Esteem Inventory has been used for assessing self-esteem of the secondary school students and their Vulnerability to Drug Addiction were measure on vulnerability to drug addiction scale statistical analysis Correlation and t-test and qualitative analysis were used. Finding indicated that self-esteem is significantly and negatively related with overall vulnerability to drug addiction in terms of its sub-factors among secondary school students.

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Self-esteem, Drug Addiction, adolescents

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Rising development activity in urban areas has basis for declining of raw materials used in construction activities. The palm oil industries often dumped palm kernel shells as waste products after the extraction of palm oil. It has been huge environmental problem due to this disposal of waste generated from palm oil industries. Present study is focused on partial replacement of coarse aggregate with Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) in Asphalt concrete. Laboratory test were carried out on aggregates, PKS and bitumen to study their properties. Softening point and Penetration value test were performed to measure consistency of bitumen. Tests on aggregates and PKS were carried out in two phases. In Phase I, physical tests such as bulk density, abrasion value, specific gravity, water absorption were conducted. In Phase II, Marshal Stability and flow value test were carried out by partial replacement of aggregate with Crushed Palm kernel shell (CPKS) in varying percentages of 5 %, 10 % and 40% and in different sizes of 10-15mm, 5-10mm, 5-15mm. The results for marshal stability tests were 15.14KN, 18.81KN, 22.97KN and flow value test were 4mm, 7mm, 12mm. Result of normal mould with 0% of CPKS replacement was 13.9KN and flow value 3.9mm. Standards set by Ministry of Road Transport Highways (MoRTH) for marshal stability test should be more than 8.2KN and maximum flow value should be 4 KN. The specific gravity of aggregates was found to be 2.51 and for CPKS 1.55. The Recommended result of specific gravity used in road construction should be less than 2.8. These test results revealed that CPKS can be used as a suitable material as partial replacement for aggregate in asphalt concrete up to 5% of size 10-15mm for rural roads of low traffic.

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 Keywords

Palm Kernel Shell, Coarse and Fine aggregates, Bitumen, Marshall Stability Test.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition