Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

This study explores the use of copper slag as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC) to achieve sustainable construction. With increasing environmental concerns due to excessive use of natural resources like river sand and cement, the incorporation of industrial by-products such as copper slag provides an eco-friendly alternative. Concrete mixes were prepared with 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% replacement levels and tested for workability using slump, compaction factor, and Vee-Bee tests. The results indicate that copper slag significantly improves the workability of concrete and enhances compressive strength up to an optimum replacement level of around 60%. Beyond this level, a slight reduction in strength is observed. The study concludes that copper slag can be effectively used in PQC as a sustainable material, reducing environmental impact while maintaining satisfactory performance.

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Replacing some of the sand into copper slag

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One of the century's major challenges is reducing carbon emissions. The integration of electric vehicles into public transportation is rapidly increasing. This paper presents the design and simulation of a wireless charger for charging electric vehicle batteries using inductive power transfer technology. The charger consists of a transmitter coil assembled on the parking surface and a receiver coil attached beneath the vehicle. The proposed system transfers power wirelessly through resonant inductive coupling across an air gap with high efficiency. The transmitter and receiver coils are modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The received AC signal is rectified and filtered before charging the battery. Simulation results demonstrate stable inverter voltage, battery charging current, battery voltage, and transmitter coil current characteristics with approximately 95% transfer efficiency. The charger consists of a transmitter coil assembled on the parking lot surface in a specific area and a receiver coil attached to the vehicle's bottom side where the battery is to be charged. In this scenario, an inductive power transfer technique is used to transfer energy from transmitter to receiver over an optimum distance using an air gap to achieve high transfer link efficiency. The inductive coils of the transmitter and receiver are simulated, with proper calculation of inductance in each coil and mutual inductance between coils. Due to the high signal strength, a high-frequency signal is pushed to travel through the air gap. The received signal is further rectified to DC before being stored in the battery. This work focuses on the design of a transmitter and receiver for an electric vehicle. The entire system will be connected to the internet, allowing for 24/7 online monitoring. Keywords- vehicle; inductive power; resonant frequency; mutual inductance; internet of things.

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 Keywords

Wireless Power Transfer, Electric Vehicle, Inductive Charging, MATLAB/Simulink, Resonant Frequency, Mutual Inductance.

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 Abstract

The focus of beauty treatments is changing. Now people are looking at products because they think they are safe and do not have many bad effects. This study is about making and testing a herbal cream. We used Turmeric as the ingredient. Turmeric has a power called Curcumin. This power helps to reduce swelling keep the skin safe from damage kill germs and protect the skin. We made this cream by mixing oil and water. We added some helpers to make sure the cream gets into the skin and stays good. Then we tested the cream to see how it looks, feels and smells. We also checked the level, how easily it spreads if it is all mixed up and if it irritates the skin. The results show that the cream made with Turmeric is good and safe for the skin. It does not. It works well. This study shows that using Ayurvedic ideas with new technology can help us make skincare products that are safe work well and are good, for the environment. We can use Turmeric and other herbs to make skincare products that people will like. That will keep their skin healthy. The Turmeric cream is an example of this.

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 Keywords

Turmeric, Herbal Formulation, Topical Cream, Cosmetic Preparation, Skin Protection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Anal fissure is a common anorectal disorder characterized by severe pain, burning sensation, and bleeding during defecation. In Ayurveda, the condition can be correlated with Parikartika, which is described under disorders caused by aggravated Vata and Pitta Dosha. Surgical management such as fissurectomy is often indicated in chronic cases, where proper post-operative wound care is essential for rapid healing and prevention of complications. Panchavalkal, a classical Ayurvedic formulation comprising the bark of five medicinal plants, possesses Vrana Shodhana (wound cleansing), Vrana Ropana (wound healing), anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic properties. This case study was conducted to evaluate the role of Panchavalkal ointment in the management of fissurectomy wounds. The ointment was applied locally in the post-operative period, and the patient was assessed for pain, tenderness, discharge, swelling, and wound healing during follow-up visits. Significant improvement was observed in wound healing, reduction in pain and inflammation, and formation of healthy granulation tissue without adverse reactions. The Ayurvedic properties of Panchavalkal helped in maintaining wound hygiene and promoting faster tissue repair. The findings suggest that Panchavalkal ointment is a safe and effective topical formulation for post-fissurectomy wound management. Incorporation of Ayurvedic principles in post-operative care may enhance healing and improve patient comfort. However, further clinical studies with larger sample sizes are required to establish its efficacy scientifically.

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Key Words - Parikartika,Fissure,Fissurectomy,Panchavalkala,Anorectal,Vranaropana

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Herbal topical formulations are widely used due to their safety, biocompatibility, and therapeutic potential. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate an antibacterial herbal lotion containing Lantana camara leaf extract. Leaves were shade-dried, powdered, and extracted using ethanol via the Soxhlet method. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolic compounds, and alkaloids associated with antibacterial activity. Three oil-in-water lotion formulations were prepared and evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, washability, and antibacterial activity. The formulations showed good texture, stability, skin-compatible pH, and promising antibacterial effectiveness, indicating the potential of Lantana camara as a natural topical antibacterial agent.

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Antibacterial herbal lotion, Lantana camara leaf extract, Herbal formulation, Phytochemical screening, Soxhlet extraction, Antimicrobial activity, O/W emulsion

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources used for clean and sustainable power generation. Photovoltaic (PV) systems convert sunlight into electrical energy using semiconductor materials. However, the performance of solar panels varies due to environmental conditions such as sunlight intensity, temperature, and dust. Therefore, real-time monitoring of PV systems is essential for improving efficiency and detecting faults. This paper presents an IoT-based solar panel monitoring system that measures important parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, and output power in real time. The system uses sensors and an Arduino/ESP32 microcontroller to collect data and transmit it wirelessly to an Android smartphone through IoT technology. The proposed system provides remote monitoring, easy maintenance, low cost, and improved performance analysis of solar panels. Experimental results show that the system is reliable and suitable for residential and small-scale solar power applications.

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 Keywords

Solar Energy, Photovoltaic System, IoT, Solar Panel Monitoring, Arduino, Wireless Communication, Renewable

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Handwriting is a complex motor skill, a neuromuscular activity, involving 27 bones and 40 muscles. The movement used in writing, whether executed by the hand or the forearm, is recognised as a significant factor in shaping handwriting characteristics, and this aspect is considered important in forensic document analysis. This study aims to compare the handwriting characteristics, such as alignment, line quality, and inter-word spacing, in hand and forearm movements within the same group of participants. The study used a descriptive design, with primary data collected from 100 subjects (18-45 years), both male and female, from students and non-students via purposive sampling. All subjects were asked to write the same passage twice: one with hand movement (wrist held) and the other with forearm movement (forearm held) in a sitting position using a ballpoint pen on A4 paper. The characteristics were scored and statistically analyzed using a paired T-test in MS Excel. Percentage analysis was also applied. The findings showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in all three characteristics. Movement of the hand resulted in (63%) more variety in alignment, (81%) uneven line quality, and (86%) less inter-word spacing. Forearm movement resulted in (63%) less variety in alignment, (76%) even line quality, and (86%) greater inter-word spacing. These results are consistent with Albert S. Osborn's theory and can be used in forensic document examination to distinguish normal from abnormal handwriting characteristics.

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Handwriting, Hand movement, Forearm movement, Alignment, Line quality, Inter-word spacing, Questioned document examination.

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Education is a fundamental instrument of social transformation and human development. It enhances awareness, improves living standards, and contributes significantly to economic and regional progress. Despite considerable improvement in literacy levels in India during 2001-2011, disparities in educational development continue to persist across regions and social groups. The present study focuses on the spatial distribution of educational disparities in Barabanki district, Uttar Pradesh. The study is based on secondary data collected from the Population Census of India and District Statistical Handbooks. Various indicators such as literacy, educational infrastructure, and teacher availability have been analysed to understand the pattern of educational development across development blocks of the district.

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 Keywords

Educational Disparities, Spatial Distribution, Literacy Rate, Educational Infrastructure, Regional Inequality, Educational Development etc.

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This research investigates the effect of digital personal branding on perceived credibility, trust, and purchase intention specifically in the context of knowledge products in the creator economy of India. We built a model with few theories. Source credibility theory, signaling theory, and trust theory. To understand how individual creators who are also teachers work.

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Digital personal branding, credibility, trust, purchase intention, creator economy, India, sequential mediation

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The goal of the current study was to create and assess a herbal moisturiser that included extract from Moringa oleifera leaves along with vitamin C, kojic acid, niacinamide, and vitamin B12. Because herbal cosmetic treatments are safer, more effective, and have less adverse effects than synthetic products, they are extensively used. For skin care applications, Moringa oleifera's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-aging, and moisturising qualities are advantageous.

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 Keywords

Moringa oleifera, Herbal moisturizer, Vitamin C, Niacinamide, Kojic acid, Skin hydration, Antioxidant.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition