Volume 11 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

This literature review is aimed at understanding "Sustainable Living", and factors which impact Sustainable living, Carbon footprint being the major one. It will help us to understand how carbon emissions affect a wide array of regions ranging from food to transport and construction among others. The reduction of carbon emissions should be discussed more often since major industries take irresponsible actions regarding their carbon footprint hence causing damage to sustainability. This study includes reviews of articles about carbon footprints over different carbon emitting sources.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green House Gas (GHG), Carbon Footprint (CF), Emission, Sustainable, Environment.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A regulatory process by which a person gets authority to launch a drug in the market, is known as drug approval process. ANDA is an application for a US generic drug approval for existing licensed medication or approval drug. Drug analyst in regulatory agencies around the world keep up the responsibility of evaluating whether the research data support the safety, effectiveness and quality control of new drug product to serve the public health. Every country has it's own regulatory authority, which is responsible to implement the rules & regulations and issue the guidelines to regulate the marketing of the drug. This article focus on the drug approval process in different Countries like India, Japan and US -FDA.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

US-FDA, India, Japan, ANDA, Regulatory Approval Processes

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

"Health has evolved over the century as a concept from individual concern to a worldwide social goal and encompasses the whole quality of life. Today health is recognized as a fundamental right of human being". The mosquito borne diseases cause more deaths than any other communicable diseases in India. The distribution of the samples as per their pre- interventional knowledge score. It has been analyzed that among 500 adults, most of the samples, 342(68.4%) had average knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever. Secondly, it has been depicted that 145(29%) had poor level and only 13(2.6%) had good level of knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever. The distribution of the samples according to the post- interventional knowledge score regarding prevention of dengue fever among the adults. It has been critically analyzed that among the 500 samples, majority of the samples, 245(49.0%) were in good category of the knowledge. It was followed by 183 (36.6%) had been in the excellent category. Further on, 70(14%) were found in the average category and only two (0.4%) were in the poor category level It shows comparison between pre interventional and post- interventional Knowledge score. Pre interventional Knowledge score is Poor (0-7) 29%. Average (08-15) 68.4% Good (16-23) 2.6%.excellent (24-30) 0% after video assisted module Poor (0-7) 0.4%. Average (08-15) 14% Good (16-23) 49%.excellent (24-30) 36.6%. This data shows after video assisted module improved knowledge regarding prevention of dengue among adults. Hence, the video assisted module has been a good strategy to improve the cognition among the prevention of dengue fever among the adults.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

M.P.: Madhyapradesh, H: Hypothesis, df: Degree of freedom

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Kidney disease also increases risk of having heart and blood vessel disease. These problems may happen slowly over a long time. Early detection and treatment can often keep chronic kidney disease from getting worse Research Approach : In this study Pre-experimental research approach was selected to assess the effectiveness of Self instructional modules on knowledge and attitude regarding home care of post hemodialysis patient. Research Design: In this study pre-experimental one group pre test and post test only research design was used. Sample: The sample of present study consists of 60 patients with post hemodialysis. Sampling Technique: In the present study non probability purposive sampling technique is used. Sample Size : In the present study 60 patients with post hemodialysis in B.M. Shah Hospital, Bhilai(C.G.) It was conducted among 10 samples for a period of one week. The pilot study was conducted from 22/08/2022 to 04/09/2022 to assess the feasibility of the study and to decide analysis plan. The pre-test result of this study showed that the hemodialysis patients had inadequate knowledge and attitude. Self instructional modules was given for 45 minutes and the post-test was conducted on the 7thday. The post-test score showed a significant increase in the knowledge and attitude regarding the home management of hemodialysis patients. The pilot study revealed that the present study was feasible to conduct. Reliability:- Items of the tool were coded and the reliability was calculated by using "Split half method". The score was 0.09. This tool was highly reliable.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

H: Hypothesis, df: Degree of freedom

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Due to a paucity of data and efficient statistical methodologies to characterise complex natural processes and anthropogenic activities, it is difficult to understand spatial and temporal patterns of groundwater geochemistry at the regional scale over a long period of time. This study employs hierarchical cluster analysis to investigate the clustering behaviour of groundwater quality parameters. The study utilises a comprehensive dataset comprising groundwater samples collected from different locations of Niali and Kantapada block. It helps to know about the Genesis and distribution of ground water flow in a geological formation. The groundwater quality parameters considered in the analysis include chemical constituents such as pH, electrical conductivity and major ions. From pipers trilinear diagram it is revealed that the dominant hydrochemical facies of Niali and Kantapada are Ca - Mg - CI - SO4 (I) followed by Ca - Mg - HCO3 (IV). Which simply mean alkaline earth dominating alkalis and strong acid dominating weak acids. These parameters are indicative of water quality and can provide insights into the potential contamination sources and hydrogeochemical processes governing the groundwater system. Groundwater plays a crucial role in sustaining ecosystems and fulfilling human water needs. Understanding the spatial variability and clustering patterns of groundwater quality parameters is essential for effective water resource management and environmental planning. Hence the changes in groundwater geochemistry in the study area may be a short- or long-term disintegration or decomposition process of rock and/or anthropogenic activities. We also noticed indirect ion exchange reaction between host rock and water along flow system.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Geochemistry, Hydrogeochemical facies, Chloro alkaline Index (CAI), Cluster analysis, Dendogram.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

There has been an increasing focus on progress of new routes of drug administration to provide tailored treatments for patients, without declining efficacy of analgesia, in proportion to the progression of the knowledge of pain mechanisms. The present research study is about to formulate the topical herbal balm for analgesic and antiinflammatory activity. This present research showed a good effect of herbal balm as compare with marketed preparation. In this pain balm we used all ingredients are herbs which is very potent and effective and there is no any side effect. The herbs used such that Eucalyptus oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil & Amrutdhara

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key word: Herbal balm, antiinflammatory activity, Eucalyptus oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil, Amrutdhara

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The use of multiple materials in engineering structures is becoming more powerful, particularly in applications such as transportation. Combining different materials allows for more efficient designs and greater performance that could be achieved with a single material, with beneficial impacts for a range of industries. As it produces welds of high quality without the use of filler material, ultrasonic welding can join thin sheets of similar or different non-ferrous alloys, including copper, aluminum, magnesium, and brass. This bond is strong and reliable and can withstand high loads and stresses. These studies evaluate the relationship between the tensile strength of ultrasonic welding of sheets with various welding parameters, such as weld pressure, weld time, and hold time. It has been discovered that lengthening the weld and increasing the welding pressure can strengthen the link between the sheets. The mechanical characteristics of the joint, particularly its tensile strength and fatigue life, have been found to be improved by the application of an interlayer. A copper or zinc interlayer was shown to increase the joint's tensile strength. The enhanced mechanical capabilities are due to the interlayer's capacity to operate as a barrier between the sheets, limiting the production of intermetallic compounds and other flaws that could weaken the joint. This review article discusses the properties of ultrasonic welding, the interface of welding joints, performance, and welding variables for various materials.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ultrasonic welding, parameters, interlayer, fatigue life, joint's tensile strength.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This case study presents the comprehensive physiotherapy management of a 63-year-old patient named Ram Adhar diagnosed with cervical radiculopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in reducing pain, improving range of motion, enhancing muscle strength, restoring sensation, and enhancing overall functional capacity and quality of life in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Baseline assessments revealed severe pain, restricted cervical range of motion, reduced muscle strength, decreased sensation, and significant functional limitations. The treatment plan incorporated pain management techniques, manual therapy, exercise therapy, and education/self-management strategies. Pain management techniques included therapeutic ultrasound and TENS, while manual therapy comprised soft tissue mobilization, joint mobilization, and neural mobilization. Exercise therapy encompassed stretching, strengthening, and postural correction exercises. Education and self-management strategies focused on ergonomics, postural education, and a home exercise program. Evaluation of outcomes demonstrated significant improvements in pain intensity, cervical range of motion, muscle strength, sensation, and functional capacity. Pain intensity decreased, and near-normal range of motion was achieved. Muscle strength increased, sensation was restored in affected dermatomes, and functional limitations decreased. The patient's quality of life also improved.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cervical radiculopathy, physical therapy, physiotherapy management of cervical radiculopathy, cervical pain management, cervical radiculopathy case study

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Rapid depletion of petroleum resources and enhancement in energy demand have motivated the researchers to discover alternate path to generate sustainable source of energy like biooil that could replace convectional fossil fuel. Lignocellulosic biomass and plastics are attractive for energy conversion because of their low cost and bulk availability. The co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic can significantly improve the quantity and quality of pyrolysis oil. It is one of the most widely used techniques for thermo-chemical conversion of biomass and plastic waste, which can minimize pollution problems and regain beneficial energy, into oil. The physicochemical characteristics of plastic and biomass suggest its potential for co-pyrolysis, whereas, solid state thermal decomposition kinetics provide valuable information for designing and operating industrial biomass and plastic conversion systems. This review paper presents valuable information about the physiochemical characteristics of various lignocellulose biomass and plastic, different kinetic models, and mathematical approximations to calculate kinetics parameters. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is used to obtain the thermal degradation of biomass and kinetic parameters of pyrolysis process. TGA data applied to iso-conversional model-free and model-fitting techniques to determine kinetic variables such as pre-exponential factor, activation energy and reaction order of pyrolsis process.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Biomass, Plastic Waste, Pyrolysis, Physicochemical Characteristics, Thermogravimetric, Kinetics.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this paper, we examined the issue of junk mail, which is a significant Internet-related concern. There is now a need for a robust anti-spam filter due to the increase in uncalled mass email, also known as junk Mail. Nowadays, machine learning (ML) procedures are used to filter emails that are spam effectively and opportunistically. In this paper, we've examined some of the popular machine learning (ML) techniques, including rough sets, Bayesian classification, SVMs, k-NN, ANNs, and artificial immune systems, and their applicability to the problem of spam email taxonomy. On the basis of the amount of E-mail Assassins, we have supplied descriptions of the steps and the variations in how they are carried out.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Junk Mail, Machine learning Procedures, Artificial Intelligence.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition