Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Background Fruits are important components of a healthy diet and provide essential nutrients that contribute to growth, health maintenance, and disease prevention. However, inadequate fruit consumption among young adults remains a nutritional concern. Objective The present study aimed to assess fruit consumption patterns, preferences, and nutritional awareness among college students. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 116 college students using a structured questionnaire consisting of 15 questions related to demographic characteristics, fruit consumption habits, preferences, purchasing behavior, and awareness regarding the nutritional benefits of fruits. Data were collected through Google Forms and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Results The majority of participants (96.6%) reported regular fruit consumption, with raw fruits being the most preferred form of intake (56.9%). Moderate fruit consumption was observed among 73.3% of respondents. Citrus fruits were the most preferred fruit (56.9%), and most participants (74.1%) consumed fruits due to both taste and health benefits. Awareness regarding the importance of fruits was high, with 92.2% considering fruit consumption essential for health. Vitamins were identified as the major nutrients present in fruits by 86.2% of respondents. Conclusion The study revealed that although fruit consumption and awareness were common among college students, the frequency and quantity of intake were not always adequate. Improved nutritional education and awareness programs may help promote healthier dietary habits and encourage regular fruit consumption among young adults.

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 Keywords

Fruit consumption, nutritional awareness, dietary habits, college students, cross-sectional study

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The advent of digital technologies continually transforms the methods through which abuse takes place, predominantly targeting women. Cyberbullying, comprising the delivery of threatening messages using messaging platforms, spying without consent, uploading pictures without permission, identity fraud, extortion of explicit photos/videos, and disseminating private data among others aims at undermining the most fundamental human rights of dignity, freedom, and expression. Through an evaluation of the type, extent, and gendered character of these violations, it becomes evident that the legal measures established in order to secure individuals from any form of harm fall short of their mark. International law, as assessed, suffers from a number of shortcomings, including weaknesses in enforcement and inconsistency. Data and judicial rulings have revealed problems within the framework of law itself rather than its effectiveness in curbing cyberbullying. Victims often have a hard time accessing resources for help not due to their own fault, but by the way these systems themselves are constructed.

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Cybercrime, gender-based violence, online harassment, cyberstalking, digital rights

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Kutaja in the name of Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall, has often been confused and adulterated with another member of the same family, that is wrightia tictoria R.Br. present study was taken to have brief knowledge of similarities and dis similarities between the seeds of both plants. The sample were subjected to macro and microscopic analysis, powder microscopy, physicochemical , phytochemical and HPTLC evaluation. A comparative study was carried out both the seeds included pharmacognostical evaluation. The determination of bitter- Value was carried out only on the seeds of Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall, since its seeds were found to be bitter compared to the seeds of Wrightia tinctoria R.Br. which are tasteless. The transverse section of H. antidysenterica seeds shows multi layered testa, a massive endosperm. Testa is composed of compressed, lignified sclerenchymatous cells and shows concentric or wavy layers. However in W. tinctoria testa is composed of thick-walled, compactly arranged polygonal to elongated and endosperm absent. HPTLC revealed at UV 366nm 4 band have similar Rf values.

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 Keywords

Holarrhena antidysenterica, Wrightia tinctoria, Kutaja, pharmacognostical evaluation, HPTLC, phytochemical analysis, , seed morphology, adulteration, Apocynaceae.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Software-Defined Networking is changing modern networking by separating the control system from the data forwarding system, making networks more flexible and easier to manage. However, this centralized structure also creates security risks, especially from Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which can overload the SDN controller and disrupt network operations. This review paper studies how machine learning and deep learning techniques are used to detect different types of DDoS attacks in SDN environments. The paper explains various attack categories such as flooding attacks, protocol-based attacks, and application-layer attacks, and discusses how they affect network traffic and OpenFlow statistics. It compares traditional machine learning models with deep learning methods like CNN, LSTM, and GRU, as well as hybrid models such as CNN-LSTM and CNN-GRU. The review also highlights challenges including imbalanced datasets, high feature complexity, and adversarial attacks, while suggesting lightweight and efficient solutions for future SDN security systems.

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Software Defined Networking (SDN), Distributed Denial Of Service (DDOS), Multiclass DDOS Detection, Spatial- Temporal Hybrid Models, CNN-GRU Architecture.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study explores the association between emotional dysregulation and psychological distress among young adults raised in conflict-ridden families, emphasizing the influence of adverse family dynamics on emotional and mental health outcomes. Emotional dysregulation, which involves difficulties in recognizing, managing, and responding appropriately to emotions, is often linked to higher levels of distress, particularly among individuals exposed to ongoing family conflict, instability, and ineffective communication. In this study, data were gathered from young adults using standardized tools to measure emotional dysregulation and psychological distress, including indicators such as anxiety, depression, and stress. The results demonstrated a significant positive relationship between the two variables, suggesting that greater difficulties in emotion regulation are associated with increased psychological distress. Furthermore, the findings underscore the amplifying effect of conflict-ridden family environments on these challenges. Overall, the study highlights the need to focus on improving emotion regulation skills in interventions and adds to the understanding of how family conflict can have lasting effects on the mental health of young adults.

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 Keywords

Emotional dysregulation, Psychological distress, Young adults, Conflict-ridden families, Family conflict, Anxiety, Depression, Stress, Emotional regulation, Mental health, Adverse family environment, Coping mechanism

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Guru Thiyam Tarunkumar Singh remains one of the most influential yet insufficiently studied figures in the history of Manipuri dance tradition. Though widely recognized among dancers, disciples, and close associates, his immense contribution toward the preservation, dissemination, pedagogy, and theatrical adaptation of Manipuri dance has not received adequate scholarly attention. This article critically appraises the artistic quality, pedagogic discipline, choreographic innovation, and cultural contribution of Guru Tarunkumar through the application of Richard Schechner's Performance Theory and Cultural Transmission Theory. The study argues that Tarunkumar functioned as both performer and cultural transmitter who carried Manipuri dance beyond the ritualistic boundaries of Manipur into theatrical and institutional spaces across India and abroad.

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 Keywords

Manipuri dance, Guru Thiyam Tarunkumar, Performance Theory, cultural transmission, dance pedagogy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT Medicinal plants have been an integral part of traditional healthcare systems for generations. The present study was conducted in four villages of Kamrup District, Assam--Sonapur, Borka, Dhonuka, and Raipat--to document the ethnomedicinal knowledge of local communities. Data were collected through interviews and informal discussions with 48 informants. A total of 70 plant species belonging to various families were recorded and found to be used in the treatment of a wide range of ailments, including fever, cough, digestive disorders, diabetes, skin diseases, wounds, and hypertension. Different plant parts such as leaves, fruits, flowers, roots, bark, and seeds were utilized in remedy preparation, with leaves being the most frequently used. Traditional preparations mainly included pastes, juices, decoctions, and direct consumption, administered either orally or externally. The study revealed that medicinal plant knowledge remains an important component of primary healthcare among local people, particularly the elderly, who serve as the main custodians of this traditional wisdom. However, the gradual decline in the transmission of such knowledge to younger generations highlights the need for its documentation and preservation. The findings underscore the importance of ethnobotanical knowledge in supporting community healthcare, conserving cultural heritage, and providing a valuable foundation for future pharmacological and conservation research.

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 Keywords

Ethnobotany, medicinal plants, traditional knowledge, indigenous healthcare, Kamrup District, Assam.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency disorders affecting rural and tribal populations in India, particularly women and children. Traditional medicinal systems have long utilized locally available medicinal herbs for the treatment of anemia. Medicinal plants have been a source of succour in the control of many diseases in developing countries and anemia is no exception. The present study focuses on the ethnomedical practices and iron content analysis of selected medicinal herbs used by traditional healers in the Buxwaha region of Chhatarpur district, Madhya Pradesh. Ethnobotanical information was collected through field surveys and interviews with local herbal practitioners and tribal communities. Selected medicinal plants commonly prescribed for anemia were collected and analysed for iron concentration using standard laboratory techniques. The study revealed that several medicinal herbs possess considerable iron content and are widely used in indigenous healthcare practices. These plants may serve as affordable and accessible alternatives for managing iron deficiency anemia in rural populations. The findings support the importance of conserving traditional knowledge and scientifically validating medicinal plants for future therapeutic applications. Number of twenty five (25) medicinal plants, covering 25 genera and 15 families were recorded. These plants were used to prepare 25 receipts for the treatment of anemia and aggravating factors such as malaria and gastro-intestinal helminthic. Number of ten (10) of these medicinal plants are showed presence of highly iron in various quantities. The most promising were Moringa oleifera, Tectona grandis, Amaranthus spinosus and Chenopodium album which contained the highest iron contents viz; 28.2, 26.6, 21.7 and 16.2 (mg/100 g) respectively. They were followed by Glycine max. Coriandrum sativum, Cajanus cajan, Spinacia oleracea and Sesamum indicum. These results lend credence to the traditional use of these ethonmedicinal plants in Buxwaha (Chhatarpur) region for the treatment of anemia.

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 Keywords

Anemia, Ethnomedicinal, Medicinal Herbs, Iron Content, Buxwaha Region, Traditional Medicine

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Herbal medicated gummies have emerged as an innovative pediatric-friendly nutraceutical delivery system that combines therapeutic efficacy with improved patient acceptability. Conventional pediatric dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, and bitter syrups frequently suffer from poor compliance due to swallowing difficulties, unpleasant taste, and inaccurate administration. Herbal gummies provide a soft, chewable hydrocolloid matrix capable of incorporating botanical extracts, vitamins, minerals, and functional bioactives in a highly palatable format. This review comprehensively discusses the formulation science, therapeutic applications, and manufacturing considerations associated with pediatric herbal gummies. Special emphasis is placed on herbal components such as ginger, cardamom, tulsi, chamomile, beetroot, and probiotics for supporting immunity, gastrointestinal wellness, respiratory comfort, cognitive function, and nutritional supplementation in children. Furthermore, the article explores hydrocolloid polymer systems including gelatin, pectin, and agar-agar, along with key quality parameters such as syneresis control, taste masking, moisture stability, and disintegration behavior. Regulatory and safety concerns associated with pediatric nutraceuticals are also highlighted. Collectively, these findings establish herbal medicated gummies as a promising advancement in pediatric healthcare and preventative nutrition.

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 Keywords

Herbal Gummies, Pediatric Nutraceuticals, Hydrocolloids, Gelatin, Pectin, Pediatric Compliance, Functional Foods, Herbal Medicine.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Indigenous festivals in Koraput district of Odisha have historically functioned as important cultural institutions through which tribal communities express collective identity, preserve traditional knowledge, and strengthen social solidarity. Festivals such as Push Puni, Chaita Paraba, Diali Jatra, and Uwash Khai are deeply embedded in the cultural life of tribal communities including the Paraja, Gadaba, Kondh, Bonda, Didayi, and Bhumia. However, rapid modernization, globalization, technological penetration, and the increasing influence of popular culture have significantly transformed these traditional celebrations. The growing presence of DJ music, Bollywood songs, electronic sound systems, modern fashion, and social media-driven performances has altered the cultural landscape of indigenous festivals. This paper examines how these transformations contribute to a crisis of tribal identity in Koraput district. Drawing upon theories of cultural identity, modernization, and globalization, the study explores the tensions between cultural continuity and cultural change. The paper argues that while adaptation to modern influences is inevitable, the displacement of traditional practices threatens the symbolic foundations of tribal identity and cultural memory.

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 Keywords

Tribal Identity, Indigenous Festivals, Koraput, Modernization, Cultural Change, DJ Culture, Globalization, Odisha Tribes.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition