Volume 11 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Finance is defined as providing money when needed. All businesses, whether large or small, need funding to stay active and achieve their goals. No business can achieve its goals without adequate funding. Finance refers to the management of cash flow through an organization. It involves the application of technology to manipulate, use and control money. From the beginning to the end, finance has vital role in a company. It is necessary that correct estimate of the current and future need of capital be made to have an optimum capital structure which shall help the organization to run its work smoothly and without any stress. As a matter of fact, finance is very important aspect in any business. With huge funds, daily cash flow and continuous transactions, managing and monitoring all the above turn necessary To be specific financial management helps the organisation determine what to spend, where to spend and when to spend and finance is the functional process of business which helps to meet goals and objectives. This paper is about Impact of Financial Leverage on Profitability of renowned Indian companies.

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 Keywords

Leverage, EBT,EBIT,DFL Profit planning ,capital

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Brick making is one of the growing industries of India which had great contribution in the development of country. In order to meet the demands of urbanization the industry's production rate is also increasing. This has lead to the combustion of enormous amount of coal and other materials thus deteriorating the quality of environment. Brick kilns in developing countries are considered as one of the important source of pollution. Heavy metals are one of the reported pollutants from brick kilns and are highly persistent, non-biodegradable in nature and are serious threat to the environment. The aim of the current study was to assess the level of heavy metals in the soil around six selected brick kilns sites in Chhohata Bazar, District Akola. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil were determined by using AAS. The investigated concentrations of heavy metals in soils were compared with the WHO standards. It was found that the concentrations of all studied metals were below the permissible limits especially at agriculture soil located adjacent to brick kilns. The results of study showed that brick kilns have great potential of deteriorating the quality of environment so; it is recommended that the monitoring of soil around brick kilns should be carried out on regular basis in order to develop control measures to prevent the impacts of heavy metals pollution. Keywords: Brick Kilns, Threats, Prevention of the Impacts

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Keywords: Brick Kilns, Threats, Prevention of the Impacts

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Adolescents' coping mechanisms, self-esteem, and connection with bullying are all intricately intertwined and complicated. Bullying can have a significant impact on the self-esteem of adolescents resulting in emotions of inadequacy, worthlessness, and social isolation. The present study aims to understand the impact of Bullying on Self-esteem of Adolescents and Coping Strategies employed by them. For this purpose, a sample of 120 adolescents aged 13-19 years was selected. The Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Adolescent Coping Orientation for Problem Experiences (A-COPE) were utilized as research tools. The SPSS statistics that were used for analyzing the data of the sample were Independent Sample t-test and Pearson's Correlation. The results showed that levels of bullying and self-esteem will be negatively correlated. Another major finding was that gender differences (male and female) were significant on bullying and self-esteem scales. Males were more prone to peer victimization, whereas women were comparatively higher in self-esteem in bullying situations. It was also found that coping strategies and self-esteem were positively correlated.

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 Keywords

Bullying, Self-Esteem, Coping Strategies, Adolescents

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The lower control arm is a unique type of independent suspension used in automobile vehicles. During the actual working condition, the maximum load is transferred from upper arm to the A arm which creates possibility of failure in the arm. Hence it is essential to focus on the stress analysis of A suspension arm to improve and modify the existing design. A suspension arm is an important part used in a suspension system of a car suspension arm performance a major role in managing the motion of the wheel during bump, turning, and breaking. This paper proposed the design optimization and model analysis of steel cast for the front A suspension arm was investigated. CATIA software was utilized to design the suspension arm. ANSYS 19 software was also used for analyzing the structural strength and optimize the parts weight. The target of the new design was a 20% weight reduction from the existing part fabricated using steel material. Testing and validation of new design using FEA analysis. Modal analysis carried out to find out natural frequencies of A suspension arm and validation are done with the help of Static Structural Analysis using ANSYS software, Impact Hammer Test & UTM.

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Keywords--Static Structural Analysis, Shape Optimization, FEA Analysis, Impact Hammer Test, UTM.

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Various acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility(?), free length(Lf), free volume(Vf), internal pressure(?i), excess adiabatic compressibility (?E), excess free length(LfE), excess free volume(VfE) and excess internal pressure(?iE) have been evaluated from density(?), viscosity(?) and speeds of sound(U) measurement in two binary liquid mixtures of ethyl acetate with 1-proponal and ethyl acetate with 1-butanol at 303K.These parameters are found to be more sensitive towards the nature and the extent of intermolecular interactions in the binary liquid mixtures.

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 Keywords

ultrasonic velocity, acoustic Parameters, molecular interaction, excess values.

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The goal of this study is to turn an old bicycle into an electric one with the possibility to increase mileage. Electric bicycles are a new sustainable means of transportation for smart cities in the future. The rising demand for fuel and its high cost as a result of the growing number of automobiles on the road are currently one of the biggest issues our nation is dealing with. In many Asian nations, especially those with dense populations like India, where the majority of people commute on two wheels, air pollution is a big concern. For short distance commuting, using an electric bicycle will contribute to some pollution reduction. As part of this project, we created an electric bicycle. A 36V, 250W brushless direct current (BLDC) hub motor and lithium ion (Li-ion) battery power this electric bicycle. The sealed maintenance-free (SMF) battery is replaced with the Li-ion battery. Compared to SMF batteries, Li-ion batteries have additional benefits. This electric bicycle is less expensive, easier to build, and suitable for many short-distance users, including college students, office workers, villages, postmen, etc. It is ideal for both young and old persons. This bicycle saves money because it doesn't use expensive fossil fuels. Due to its lack of emissions, it is inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and pollution-free.

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 Keywords

: Hub Motor, Controller, Li-ion Battery, Head light, Anti-theft alarm, Speedometer, DC-DC controller, mileage improvement.

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The fly-back converter is a popular power electronics converter for regulated power supply due to its simplicity and efficiency. This research paper concentrates on designing a flyback converter for a solar pump controller, considering input voltages from 400V to 1200V DC and output voltages of 15V, 5V, and 3.3V. Implementing the Cascode topology in the converter aims to increase controller performance, minimize losses, and improve voltage control. The Cascode technique improves overall efficiency by optimizing switching characteristics and reducing voltage stress on switching devices. The research analyses the behavior of a flyback converter in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) for a solar pump controller where the inductor current totally discharges after each switching cycle. The simulation results represent the converter in DCM using the Cascode technique is efficient, generating required output voltages and accurate voltage control over a broad range of input voltage changes. The results are beneficial for engineers and academics working on high-voltage isolated power supply, particularly for solar pump control applications. The paper has a sense on design considerations, simulations, and analysis of flyback converters, with a focus on improving the performance of solar pump controller.

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Isolated DC-DC converter, SMPS, Transformer, Power Electronics Switches

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Crowdfunding, a method that permits people who own businesses to make fundraising requests, is a unique and fresh methodology to supporting diverse business ideas. Businesses might be educational or commercial. Capital is regularly exchanged for future products or services. This comprises leveraging social media to link investors and businessmen. internet in exchange for financial incentives to fund alternative business ideas. Social media and the Internet are rising platforms. The internet and social media are critical fundraising tools for charity groups such as dealers. This article discusses the importance of technology in crowdfunding after providing a brief overview of the numerous crowdfunding platforms that have recently emerged. Crowdfunding relies on trust between investors and stakeholders. New technological advancements hold enormous promise for businesses and private crowdfunding. Blockchain-based crowdfunding platforms bring in a lot of money from sponsors and investors and boost the legitimacy of many different projects and enterprises. Key concepts include blockchain technology, collaboration, smart contracts, and crowdsourcing.

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crowdfunding, business idea, smart contract, crowdsource, Blockchain

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Microgreens, the young seedlings of edible vegetables and herbs, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their exceptional nutritional profile and potential health benefits. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, properties, and role of microgreens as a food supplement in a healthy diet. Microgreens are cultivated by harvesting the young shoots of various plants at an early growth stage, typically within 7-14 days after germination. They exhibit high concentrations of essential nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, making them a valuable addition to a balanced diet. Additionally, microgreens showcase unique flavor profiles and vibrant colors, enhancing the visual appeal of dishes. Research suggests that regular consumption of microgreens can contribute to improved overall health and well-being. They have been linked to potential benefits such as reduced risk of chronic diseases, enhanced digestion, and improved immune function. The bioactive compounds present in microgreens, including phenolic compounds and carotenoids, exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, further supporting their health-promoting effects. Microgreens can be easily incorporated into daily meals as a versatile food supplement. They can be consumed fresh in salads, sandwiches, or smoothies, or used as garnishes and flavor enhancers in various culinary preparations. Their high nutritional content and potential health benefits make them an appealing choice for health-conscious individuals seeking to optimize their dietary intake. In conclusion, microgreens offer a promising addition to a healthy diet, providing a concentrated source of essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. Further research is warranted to explore their specific health effects and optimal consumption patterns. Encouraging the integration of microgreens into dietary guidelines may contribute to promoting public health and fostering a culture of nutritious eating habits.

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 Keywords

Microgreens, seedlings, nutritional profile, health benefits, food supplement, antioxidants, culinary applications, dietary intake.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Distributed generation (DG) is becoming more important due to the increase in the demands for electrical energy. Distribution system loss reduction is one of the prime objectives for planning of distributed generation. To minimize the losses, optimal sizing and location of distributed generation (DG) is critically important. In this thesis, the optimal DG placement and sizing problem is investigated using single-objective optimization problem, where the system's power losses are considered as the objective to be minimized. These problems are formulated as constrained linear optimization problems using the Linear Programming method (LP). The proposed method is demonstrated on IEEE-15 bus and IEEE-33 bus radial distribution systems extensively used as examples in solving the optimal location and sizing problem of distributed generators. Simulation results with the DG shows improvement in terms of voltage profile enhancement and power losses reduction are obtained satisfactorily.

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 Keywords

Optimal Location, Distributed Generation (DG), Linear Programming Method (LP), Voltage profile enhancement.

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