Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are essential for protecting networks from cyber threats. Traditional IDS methods, including anomaly-based and misuse-based detection, have limitations such as high false positive rates and inability to detect novel attacks. A hybrid IDS combines both techniques to enhance accuracy and efficiency. Support Vector Machines (SVM) have proven to be effective in classifying network traffic for intrusion detection. This paper reviews the application of SVM in hybrid IDS, its advantages, challenges, and potential improvements for network security.

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 Keywords

Intrusion Detection Systems, support vector machine, anomaly detection, Denial-of-Service (DoS), network traffic.

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Aims And Objectives: Abnormalities in melatonin physiology and circadian rhythm are detected in patients with autism. Melatonin is produced predominantly in the pineal gland and the amount of melatonin released is proportional to the pineal gland volume. This study aimed to examine whether the pineal gland volume in children with autism is different from that in healthy children. Material and methods: Brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 120 paediatric patients with autism and 82 control paediatric subjects were examined; pineal parenchymal volume (PPV), pineal cyst rate (PCR), and total pineal gland volume (TPGV) were measured using a multimodality viewer (MMV), but only the TPGVs were measured using a tumour tracking (TT) method. Measurements were taken by 2 separate radiologis Results: The PCR was substantially greater in autistic patients, but the PPV and TPGV according to MMV and the TPGV according to TT were significantly lower. Additionally, the autistic patient group's PPV to TPGV ratio was noticeably lower. In both studies, the autism patient group's TPGVs were noticeably lower than the controls in every age range. Conclusions: Using two distinct approaches, our study was the first to thoroughly investigate TPGVs in pediatric autistic individuals. Autism has been found to have high PCR and low PPV-TPGV. Comparable reference values for pineal gland size in healthy and autistic children ages 2-17 are also provided by this study.

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Keywords: pineal cyst, autism children, , pineal gland volume.

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Vedic math's or `sutras mathematics' the general name for the mathematical system contracted in a few Dozen Sanskrit stanzas; however, calculation. it is not merely a system of manner of problems in arithmetical, algebra, and trigonometry too, any problem be it trigonometrical, algebraic or geometrical in type the technique of Vedic mathematics is simple to apply; it is based on 16 sutras-``word- equation`` akin to those of a computer program that reveal the steps of reasoning in solving difficult math's problems as well as time saving techniques for their solution which are not possible. After studying the Vedas for eight years, SWAMI BHARATI KRISHNA TIRTHA JI MAHARAJA (1884-1960) rebuilt Vedic mathematics from the ancient Indian texts. The sixteen word - formula, or principal, known as sutras from the foundation of Vedic mathematics. Vedic mathematics ideas are illustrated using multiple examples allowing individuals to complete a variety of mathematical operation like as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. While Vedic math's simplifies fundamental mathematics it provisos a more. Effective method for tackling mathematical issues. Its bright future resides in its ability to increase understanding of mathematics through clear explanations. This strategy is now being adopted in high school and colleges around the country, making it more accessible to students.

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 Keywords

multiplier, Vedic multiplier, sutras, formula, Veda

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In an increasingly competitive marketplace, brands are continuously seeking innovative ways to engage consumers and influence their purchasing decisions. This research paper explores the pivotal role of brand storytelling as a strategic marketing tool that shapes consumer buying behaviour. Brand stories, which encapsulate a brand's identity, values, and mission, serve to create emotional connections with consumers, fostering loyalty and encouraging repeat purchases. This study investigates the various elements of effective brand storytelling, including authenticity, relatability, and narrative structure, and how these factors resonate with different consumer demographics. Through a comprehensive literature review, this paper synthesizes existing theories related to consumer behaviour and the psychological impact of storytelling. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques to analyze consumer responses to brand narratives. Key findings indicate that well-crafted brand stories not only enhance brand perception but also significantly influence consumers' emotional engagement and decision-making processes. Case studies of successful brands, such as Nike and Apple, illustrate how compelling narratives can drive consumer action and differentiate brands in saturated markets. The implications of this research extend beyond theoretical insights; they offer practical strategies for marketers aiming to leverage storytelling in their branding efforts. By understanding the intricate relationship between brand stories and consumer behavior, businesses can develop more effective marketing campaigns that resonate with their target audience. Ultimately, this paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge on branding and consumer psychology, highlighting the transformative power of storytelling in fostering meaningful connections between brands and consumers.

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Brand Story o Consumer Behavior o Marketing Strategy o Emotional Connection o Brand Loyalty

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In the high-stakes environment of private banking today, middle managers are under enormous pressure to make high-stakes decisions. This study examines the effects of chronic stress, dysfunctional learning, and organizational culture on their decision-making styles. Findings suggest that stress leads to over-reliance on mental shortcuts, causing either excessive risk aversion or careless risk-seeking. In addition, managers in high-reciprocity environments prefer conformity to independent judgment, further distorting decision quality. Although stress management programs provide short-term gains, they do not translate into long-term gains. Instead, organizations must intervene on structural changes--such as re-designed incentives and decision-support systems--to break the cycle of poor decisions under stress.

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Stress impact, cognitive biases, organizational culture, decision-making, workplace adaptation.

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"Uchch Shikshan Sansthanon Mein Patrakarita Evam Jansanchar Vishay Ke Shaikshanik Star Ka Adhyayan Evan Avalokan: Uttarakhand Rajya Ke Vishesh Sandarbh Mein"

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"Uchch Shikshan Sansthanon Mein Patrakarita Evam Jansanchar Vishay Ke Shaikshanik Star Ka Adhyayan Evan Avalokan: Uttarakhand Rajya Ke Vishesh Sandarbh Mein"

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Jainism, an ancient Indian philosophical and religious tradition, offers profound insights into knowledge, non-violence (ahimsa), and self-discipline. These principles, when integrated into contemporary education, can foster a culture of mindfulness, ethical responsibility, and holistic well-being. In today's fast-paced and competitive educational environment, where stress, ethical dilemmas, and lack of emotional intelligence are pressing concerns, Jain philosophical tenets provide a unique and relevant framework for cultivating a balanced and enlightened learning atmosphere. This article explores how Jain epistemology, ethics, and mindfulness align with modern educational paradigms and contribute to personal and societal development. Furthermore, it discusses practical applications of Jain principles in classrooms and how they can address contemporary educational challenges while fostering lifelong learning.

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Jain Epistemology, Jain Principles, Contemporary education, Mindfulness, Holistic well-being.

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Epileptic seizure detection using electroencephalography (EEG) plays a crucial role in neurology, facilitating early diagnosis and timely intervention. Traditional EEG analysis is time-consuming and susceptible to inconsistencies, highlighting the need for automated systems that can enhance both efficiency and accuracy. This study evaluates various machine learning models to determine the most effective approach for seizure prediction, focusing on predictive accuracy and computational efficiency. Among the models tested, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) demonstrated the highest AUC (0.98) and accuracy (0.9814), followed by XGBoost, CatBoost, and Random Forest. However, ANN's long training time (24.61s) restricts its suitability for real-time applications. In contrast, CatBoost emerged as the optimal model, delivering strong classification performance with 96.87% accuracy and a 0.9224 F1 score, while maintaining a much shorter training time (6.93s) and fast inference (0.1028s). These results suggest that CatBoost is well-suited for practical deployment in clinical environments, offering both high accuracy and computational efficiency for epileptic seizure detection.

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Epileptic Seizure Detection, EEG Signal Analysis, Machine Learning Models, CatBoost, Computational Efficiency, Seizure Prediction

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: Scuba diving is an exhilarating and adventurous activity that allows individuals to explore the depths of the underwater world. However, it also comes with inherent risks, including communication difficulties and safety concerns. One in all the main issues with diving is that the health problems faced by the diver's throughout diving and there comes the necessity for observance of diver's health. The system employs Li-Fi technology to enhance safety and well-being of underwater explorers and to transmit health data from the scuba diver to the surface, providing real-time monitoring of vital signs, such as heart rate, oxygen levels, and body temperature. In addition to real-time monitoring, this system is equipped with an abnormal health situation detection feature. When the diver's health parameters deviate from the normal range, a proactive warning is sent to the surface through the Li-Fi connection. Moreover, in critical situations where a diver's health deteriorates rapidly, the system triggers an emergency response mechanism. To further enhance safety, the innovative air balloon mechanism has been integrated which is carried by the scuba diver. In the event of a detected abnormal health situation, the air balloon is designed to rapidly inflate and rise to the surface, carrying the diver with it. This technology has the potential to revolutionize scuba diving safety and save lives in the underwater.

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- Li-Fi technology, Scuba diving, real-time monitoring

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Literary adaptation is an art that involves translating written narratives into visual form, requiring careful modifications to fit the cinematic medium. This paper examines the adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings into Peter Jackson's critically acclaimed film trilogy. Using adaptation theory as a framework, this study explores the challenges involved in bringing Tolkien's intricate world, deep mythology, and philosophical themes to the screen. It evaluates the creative choices made by Jackson, including alterations in the narrative, characterization, and thematic representation. While some changes were met with controversy among purists, the films succeeded in maintaining the essence of the original text while making it engaging for a modern audience. This study highlights how The Lord of the Rings serves as a model for successful literary adaptation, demonstrating the delicate balance between fidelity to the source material and necessary cinematic transformation.

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Lord of the rings, film adaptation, Peter Jackson

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition