Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Aspirin tablet is actually the non harmful pain reliever drug, Which is formulated by using different type of lubricant like PEGs, magnesium stearate, talc, etc. thus that improve its dissolution rate and reduce its moisture sensitivity.

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 Keywords

Aspirin tablet, lubricant , granulation, HPMC

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 Abstract

Varna as a musical form is known to be composed from the late seventeenth century. Musical notations of varna-s are available from early publications until recent ones. Varna-s also have a strong practicing tradition in vocal and dance recitals. Varna-s in practice and textual sources are primarily set in two tala-s - Adi and Ata. This article is a study of the structure and performance of Ata-tala varna-s in the music repertoire, with special reference to varna-s from textual sources. Structure refers to the arrangement of the melodic sections of a varna i.e., pallavi, anupallavi etc. and the performance refers to the practical rendition of the varna after taking the structure and its musical implications into account. While only some varna-s are seen to have a strong oral tradition in practicing music, others can be conceptualized from the notations in textual sources, with a background of the oral tradition. The objective of this paper is to understand the structure suggested in the varna-s of the textual tradition, understand the melodic implications underlying it, and thus arrive at the understanding of the performance of the form.

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 Keywords

Varna, sangita sampradaya pradarsini, anubandha, Ata tala, tana varna, cauka varna, early composers of varna, structure, varna performance, ganakrama.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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State of Charge (SOC); Neural Networks; Deep Neural Network (DNN); Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU); Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM); Lithium-Ion Battery; Electric Vehicle; Machine Learning; Battery Management System (BMS); SOC Prediction.

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Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobin S, leading to chronic hemolysis, vaso-occlusion, and multi-system complications. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical manifestations and current management strategies associated with SCA. The disease presents with diverse symptoms, including recurrent painful vaso- occlusive crises, chronic anemia, susceptibility to infections, acute chest syndrome, stroke, and progressive organ dysfunction. Early diagnosis through neonatal screening and laboratory evaluation remains essential for timely intervention. Management approaches have evolved significantly, ranging from conventional therapies such as analgesics, antibiotics, blood transfusions, and hydroxyurea to advanced disease-modifying and curative options including L-glutamine therapy, voxelotor, crizanlizumab, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and emerging gene-editing techniques. Comprehensive care also emphasizes patient education, prophylactic vaccinations, and regular monitoring to prevent long-term complications. Overall, advancements in pharmacological and curative therapies, combined with multidisciplinary care, have improved patient outcomes, although access and affordability remain major challenges particularly in resource-limited settings. This review highlights the need for continued research, improved therapeutic accessibility, and strengthened public health initiatives to effectively manage and reduce the global burden of sickle cell anemia

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 Keywords

1) Sickle Cell Anemia 2) Hemoglobin S 3) Vaso-occlusion 4) Hydroxyurea, 5) Blood transfusion 6) L-glutamin 7) Voxelotor 8) Crizanlizumab 9) Stem cell therapy 10) Gene-editing therapies Hemoglobinopathy 11) Prophylactic 12) vaccination 13) Multidisciplinary care

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 Abstract

A major issue for video monitoring systems is the consecutive flow of unending data that may be investigated. However, a comprehension test makes no sense when using actual facts. Convolutional layers are promised by contemporary applications of convolutional neural networks for classifying and evaluating various objects. In order to be trained, neural networks need a number of classes that are grouped according to features. Here, we create a time-distributed auto-encoder initiation for the detection of anomalous occurrences in recordings of situations including natural mobility. A spatial feature illustration and an establishing temporal expansion of the spatial features are the two main modules of our introduction. The suggested method's precision is confirmed by empirical data from evaluations on the UCF-Crime Dataset and the UCSD Anomaly Dataset.

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 Keywords

Convolutional Layer; Anomalous Occurrences; Time-Distributed; UCF; UCSD

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The word "cosmetics," which comes from the Greek word "kosmeticos," describes substances used to enhance or beautify look. Humans have wanted to seem beautiful from the time of the tribes. Toxic chemicals included in beauty goods can be detrimental to one's health. These items include skincare, hair, perfumes, dental care, and nail care. These goods are particularly appealing to women. With a global market value of over $20 billion, the cosmetics business plays a big role in the beauty sector. But there is a negative aspect to these products as well. Beyond permissible bounds, toxic compounds and dangerous chemicals are added, which might seriously harm organs and skin and perhaps cause cancer. Since cosmetics are now widely used in both everyday life and fashion, it is imperative to increase awareness of their negative consequences.

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Cosmetic product and their toxicity, Skin brightening agent, Sunscreen product, Shampoo, Dangerous product used in cosmetics, Health issues with heavy metals in cosmetics products, Conclusion.

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 Abstract

Nature and importance of folk songs

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Nature and importance of folk songs

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 Abstract

Background: Early detection of microvascular complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remains essential for preventing disability and long-term morbidity. Biomarkers such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fructosamine, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can provide a metabolic signature of chronic glycemic exposure. Aim: To evaluate whether biomarker profiling using HbA1c, fructosamine, and AGEs can predict early microvascular complications among individuals with T2DM. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among adults with T2DM attending outpatient clinics. Biomarkers (HbA1c, fructosamine, and serum AGEs) were quantified, and participants were screened for early diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess predictive accuracy. Results: Higher levels of HbA1c, fructosamine, and AGEs were significantly associated with early microvascular complications (p < 0.001). AGEs showed the strongest predictive ability for early neuropathy (AUC 0.88), while fructosamine showed a higher correlation with early nephropathy (AUC 0.84). Combined biomarker profiling improved predictive performance (AUC 0.93) compared to individual markers. Conclusion: Biomarker profiling using HbA1c, fructosamine, and AGEs enhances early detection of microvascular complications in T2DM. Incorporating multiple biomarkers into routine diabetic screening could enable more precise risk stratification and early intervention.

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 Keywords

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Microvascular complications, HbA1c, Fructosamine, AGEs, Biomarkers

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 Abstract

The increased adoption of UAVs for precision agriculture creates an ever-growing demand for intelligent, site-specific spraying systems that minimize chemical wastage and enhance deposition accuracy. High-resolution sensing technologies, such as LiDAR, are able to reconstruct a detailed canopy, while embedded control systems enable real-time modulation of the spray output. Most of the available methods for spraying using a UAV are still based on a constant-rate application, which results in overspray, drift, and non-uniform coverage of the canopy.Indeed, very few previous works have integrated LiDAR-derived 3D canopy volume, prescription-map-driven PWM flow control, and CFD-based drift compensation in a single pipeline. Therefore, the precise, structure-aware spraying and mitigation of aerodynamic drift have not been adequately addressed.The aim of this research was to develop an integrated LiDAR-guided variable-rate UAV spraying workflow that included canopy-volume mapping, prescription-based PWM control, and CFD-regression drift compensation.The framework used the NEON AOP LiDAR data for constructing a canopy height model, segmenting individual trees, and computing canopy volume classified into discrete spray-demand levels to develop a georeferenced prescription map. A simulated PID-driven PWM controller updated the spray output based on assigned rates, while the CFD-derived droplet-dispersion data were used in the training of a regression model to predict and compensate for lateral drift. Experiments that will be done include validation of the accuracy of segmentation, flow-tracking performance, drift-prediction reliability, and comparison of variable-rate spraying to a constant rate through Python-based simulations.The system achieved an accurate canopy segmentation of ~91%, a reliable canopy-volume estimation with a resultant error of 8-10%, and a precise tracking of spray-rate with a mean flow error of 0.032 L/min. The drift-prediction model, at an RMSE of 6.7%, enabled a simulated drift reduction of 72-81% after compensation. In comparison to spraying at a constant rate, the variable-rate strategy achieved an average chemical saving of ~24.8%, increased canopy deposition uniformity by 19.4%, and reduced ground over-deposition by 31.2%.Therefore, it is deduced that the integrated pipeline offers a workable and scalable solution for addressing intelligent UAV spraying by adequately integrating remote sensing, control engineering, and modeling of aerodynamics into one system. Results confirm the premise that LiDAR-guided UAV spraying systems have high potential for upscaling input efficiency and reducing environmental contamination, contributing to sustainable precision agriculture.

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 Keywords

Variable-Rate Spraying; UAV; LiDAR; Canopy Volume; PWM Control; CFD Drift Modelling; Prescription Mapping; Precision Agriculture.

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Abstract Venous port systems (totally implantable venous access devices) are cornerstone tools for long-term venous access in oncology. They improve patient comfort, support repeated outpatient therapy, and reduce peripheral vein damage. However, device-related complications most importantly catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI), catheter-related thrombosis, occlusion, mechanical failure and extravasation continue to limit device longevity and may interrupt cancer therapy. Recent evidence (2015-2024) supports ultrasound-guided placement, strict insertion/maintenance bundles using chlorhexidine antisepsis, and selective use of antimicrobial-impregnated devices in high-risk settings to reduce CRBSI. Accumulating data indicate normal saline flushes are non-inferior to heparin for routine maintenance in many populations. In specific high-risk groups, the use of antimicrobial/ethanol lock therapies has been seen to diminish CRBSI, but their application ought to be in accordance with local protocols. It is not advisable to have routine systemic anticoagulant prophylaxis for all patients with vascular ports; rather, prophylaxis should be tailored according to the risk of VTE. This review integrates the latest guidelines and recent systematic evidence into one and suggests practical, evidence-based strategies for the insertion, maintenance, surveillance, and management of complications.

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 Keywords

Central venous catheter, chemotherapy, infection, thrombosis, venous port system, oncology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition