Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

The legislature in India serves as the fundamental institution of democracy, essential for representing the populace, enacting legislation, and ensuring accountability of the executive branch. Recently, there have been growing concerns regarding the deterioration of the legislature's effectiveness. This decline is evident through decreased legislative output, a reduction in meaningful debates, an increasing concentration of power within the executive, and a weakening of institutional independence. This research article investigates the various aspects of this decline, analyzing historical patterns, statistical data, and current challenges. Additionally, it considers the repercussions for democracy and governance in India and proposes strategies to revitalize the legislature's function.

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Legislature, Legislative Output, Democracy, Governance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Leaf galls are fascinating plant-insect interactions resulting in abnormal outgrowths on plant tissues. This review focuses on the biochemical and molecular evaluation of Ficus racemosa Linn leaf galls induced by the insect Pauropsylla depressa. The study aims to understand the changes in biochemical compounds and gene expression during different stages of gall development. By compiling similar studies, this review highlights the significance of such research in understanding plant defense mechanisms and the potential applications in agriculture and pharmacology.

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Pauropsylla depressa, Ficus racemosa, Gene expression, Leaf galls, Plant-insect interactions

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Society is such a strong word which could make and break a life and the norms that they laid upon on the people to follow is incredible, not everyone obeys these norms but not everyone denies it too, still there are some people living for the sake of this society and not for them. That is what literally brought here by Shenoy, she brings out Veda, a 20-yr old girl who was forced to be in an uninterested marriage life to get a good name among the society and she does it without any word against though she had a dream career to be achieved. And in that unhappy marriage she had realized how hard it is for her to cope up in an alien environment, and later when she got an opportunity to find her true identity, she just went through it and found her ways. She became more independent and stronger than ever.

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resilience, turmoil, introspection, self-discovery, emotional journey.

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The values of justice, collaboration, and respect for one another are embodied in Tata Steel's industrial relations. A motivated and contented workforce, less labor disputes, and increased productivity are the outcomes of the company's dedication to sustaining friendly relations. In addition to being a prime example of moral business practices, Tata Steel is also a major contributor to its ongoing success in the world steel market. The positive effects that good labor relations may have on employee satisfaction, productivity, and overall organizational performance are highlighted in this study, underscoring the need of cultivating them for the long-term success of businesses. Businesses looking to attain a comparable level of harmony among their employees can learn a lot from Tata Steel's industrial relations model.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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satisfaction, employee growth, training, motivation, career, innovation, contribution.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Lukrd Lrj] fo|kFkhZ] lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfrA

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This paper is stuffed with the information about Sevaiyattam which is an ethnic folk art of Kamabalathu nayakar. They lived in the Tamil Nadu districts of Thirunelveli, Madurai, Salem, Trichy, Ramanadhapuran, Theni, Dhindukal, Dharmapuri, and Coimbatore. One of the oldest ethnic groups still performing their traditional and ceremonial dance forms, which portray the Ramayana and Lord Vishnu myths, are the Kambalathu Nayakars. The main purpose of this paper is to analyse the structure of the Sevaiyattm in detail. Our south India is very rich in culture and tradition. Folk dance is highly bonded with our culture and festival times virtually dance also. Folk dance is a part of life. The origin of folk dance is unknown. The people performed to impress their happiness. In the village folk dances are performed on every occasion from birth to death. Which has a full energy? Folk dances differ from place to place. In Tamil Nadu itself there are enormous folk dances. This is customized in their own state topographical or ethnic region

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SEVAIYATTAM - A KONANGI DANCE

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Cochlospermum religiosum is an important medicinal plant which needs to be conserved through in vitro propagation. Indirect shoot regeneration through callus is encouraged to conserve the plant material. Callus induction in Cochlospermum religiosum was achieved from shoot tip explants on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium fortified with different concentrations of growth regulators. The callus was sub cultured for multiple shoot induction. The shoot tip derived callus is proved to be best in indirect shoot regeneration. Callus induction was necessary for the organogenesis and propagation of plants, which have been genetically transformed.

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Cochlospermum religiosum, shoot tip, callus, indirect shoot regeneration

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The origin of the folk dance is believed to be evolved when people started to communicate their emotions among themselves. The folk dance can be enjoyed by all kinds of people because the movement of the step and lyrics of the songs are so simple and easy to learn. In India, we have festivals and celebrations virtually every day. This has added to the richness of Indian culture. Every festival is accompanied by celebration; folk dance is an integral part of it. The folk dance has a rural origin this is a common fact in this the folk dance is performed by very ordinary people. The villages gather on special occasions to sing and dance accompanied by a variety of folk instruments. Gujarat is known as the Land of festivals. This state has been with a rich tradition of performing arts. Most of the art traditions in Gujarat have their origin in the living times of Lord Krishna Saurashtra a Peninsula surrounded by the Gulf of Kutch on the Northern side. There is mentioning of Saurashtra in Ithihas and Puranas. King Thirumalai Naicker who was ruling Madurai brought a large number of Saurashtrians to wave silk clothes. This paper talks about the analytical study of Konangi a dance drama by the Saurashtrian people of Salem. The information furnished in this article and the further research is done based on the interview with the Konangi artist Shri.Paneerselvam during the dance performance done by their troops on the occasion of 'Ramanavami'.

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AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF KONANGI DANCE DRAMA BY SAURASHTRIAN PEOPLE OF SALEM

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We investigate the application of visual boards in this paper. An essential tool for navigating the design process are visual boards. Mood boards and style boards are the two most popular types of visual boards; these are extensively discussed in the literature [3]. Concept boards, however, are unique to industrial design practice. These boards have gotten comparatively less attention in the literature, despite being widely employed in practice where they operate as key instruments for creating and sharing concept ideas. Despite the fact that the theory acknowledges the existence of concept boards, little is known about their creation, use, and content. Through case studies at two industrial design consultancies, we examine thirty-three distinct design student visual boards and examine the comments they receive from experienced senior designers. According to the analysis, concept boards are the most popular and essential kind of boards, but fewer people are aware of them than style and mood boards [2]. Three essential components and factors are identified by closely examining the industrial design process of developing and getting feedback on concept boards. We offer essential factors to keep in mind when making practical concept boards. We think they could be useful for industrial design students and instructors who need to learn how to create concept boards.

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Visual boards, mood board, style board, concept board

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rapid evolution of technology and industry demands necessitates continuous skill development among employees. Organizations are increasingly investing in upskilling programs to maintain a competitive edge, enhance employee performance, and ensure adaptability to change. Upskilling initiatives are often associated with significant costs, including program design, implementation, and opportunity costs, yet their benefits in terms of productivity, innovation, and employee satisfaction are substantial. This paper explores the cost-benefit analysis of such initiatives, focusing on the Return on Investment (ROI) for organizations. By analyzing empirical data and case studies, the study highlights how strategic upskilling enhances productivity, reduces turnover, and fosters innovation. It examines the factors influencing the success of these programs, such as alignment with organizational goals, employee engagement, and the use of advanced technologies like e-learning platforms. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes the importance of tracking key performance indicators (KPIs) to evaluate program effectiveness comprehensively. Insights from this study are invaluable for HR professionals and financial planners aiming to maximize returns from training initiatives. By presenting a robust framework for evaluating upskilling ROI, this research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable workforce development. Ultimately, the findings underscore the need for organizations to view upskilling not as an expense but as a strategic investment in long-term growth and resilience.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Upskilling, ROI, Training Programs, Employee Development, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Productivity, Organizational Performance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition