Volume 9 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

There are two main crop seasons in Karnataka viz., Kharif or the season of summer crops, and the Rabi or the season of winter crops. Therefore, sowing in Karnataka, in the Kharif season begins generally on the onset of southwest monsoon in mid-June, while the Rabi season starts at the beginning of cold weather season, i.e., at the end of October or early November, when the monsoon has receded. The main food crops grown in Kharif season are: Rice, Ragi, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Pigeon-pea, Green gram, Black gram, Groundnut, and Sugarcane. These crops require high temperature and plentiful supply of water. The food crops of Rabi season are: wheat, Lentils, Barley, Bengal gram, Peas, Tur, Cotton and Patatoes. These crops require cool weather and moderate supply of water.

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Key words: Cropping pattern, growth, area, production, yield, food crops.

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The traditional claims of various parts of any species of Cassia are claimed as anthelmintics. The present study was investigated the anthelmintic activity of Cassia mimosoides leaves against earthworm and roundworm. Five different concentrations (5, 15, 25, 50, 75 mg/ml) of aqueous, chloroform, acetone, and petroleum ether extracts were tested against worms. It involved the determination of time of paralysis (P) and death (D) of the worms. The aqueous extract showed a more significant effect on paralyzing the worms. The effect of extracts on the paralysis and death of the Pheretima posthuma, according to the results indicated as aqueous > Chloroform > Petroleum ether >Acetone extracts. The effect of extracts on the paralysis and death of the Haemonchus contortus, according to the results indicated as aqueous > Acetone > Petroleum ether > Chloroform extracts. Piperazine citrate was used as a reference standard drug were normal saline water as a control. Leaves of Cassia mimosoides of family Caesalpinaceae showed as a good remedy in worm infections. The results of in vitro trials of Cassia mimosoides proved its anthelmintic property at a higher dose.

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(Cassia mimosoides L., Anthelmintic, Pheretima posthuma, Haemonchus contortus.)

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The study was carried out during the period February-April, 2018 at Kukobila Nasia Farms Limited, to evaluate performance of the centre pivot irrigation systems (pivot one and two) at six (6) different operating speed levels (43 m/h, 68 m/h, 85 m/h, 102 m/h, 136 m/h and 170 m/h) to ascertain the speed which gives best uniformity and efficiency of water application. The study revealed that CU obtained from centre pivot one and two ranged from 80.3-86.9 % and 75.6-84.4 % respectively. Similarly, DU computed from pivot one ranged from 60.2-68.5 % whereas pivot two had DU ranging from 65.3-73.2 %. DU increased as the speed of operation of centre pivot increased as general trend. The lower values recorded for pivot one at 170 m/h and 102 m/h operating speed levels and that of pivot two at 136 m/h operating speed were attributed to wind drift. The SC obtained from pivot one and two were above the lower acceptable limits and ranged from 1.46-1.66 and 1.37-1.53 respectively. Ea of pivot one ranged from 80.3-98 % except at 170 m/h operating speed which recorded Ea of 56 %. Similarly, pivot two had Ea ranging from 51-89 % with Ea from operating speeds of 102 m/h and 43 m/h meeting SABI norms. The values of PELQ were low and unacceptable as they ranged from 35-73 % and 38-61 % for pivot one and two respectively. The values of AELQ were also low as they ranged from 34-64 % for centre pivot one and 35-56 % for center pivot two. Wind distortions of sprinkling uniformity and standardisation of pivot operating speed to match with crop water requirement were major constraints to attaining high application efficiency. Periodic inspection, cleaning and replacement of clogged and or worn-out nozzles and night irrigation during windy periods should be done.

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 Keywords

Coefficient of Uniformity, Distribution Uniformity, Scheduling Coefficient, Application Efficiency, Potential Application Efficiency of Low quarter and Actual Application Efficiency of Low quarter

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Background : Opioid Free Anesthesia (OFA) is an anesthetic technique that avoids intraoperative opioids to minimize side effects of opioids, reduce the need for postoperative opioids and produce better postoperative outcomes. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the side of OFA and opioid anesthesia (OA) in elective surgery patients at Dr. Hospital Soetomo Method : This study is an experimental study with Single Blind randomized involving adult patients undergoing elective surgery from May 2021 to August 2021 under general anesthesia for airway management intubation at RSUD DR. Soetomo. Side observed were Wong Baker Face Scale (WBFS), incidence of hypoxia, ileus, delirium and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Results: 60 samples obtained 30 subjects in the control group and 30 people in the treatment group with 23 male and 37 female. Evaluation of postoperative pain found 5 subjects with moderate-severe WBFS scale in the control group and 3 subjects in the treatment group (0.706); and significant differences in the incidence of hypoxia (9 subjects in the control group and 2 subjects with hypoxia (p = 0.020); ileus in the form of 14 subjects in the control group and 2 subjects in the treatment group (p = 0.002); the incidence of delirium (p = 0.026) in the form of 8 subjects in the control group. and 1 subject in the treatment group, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting (p=0.012) in 14 subjects in the control group while 5 subjects in the treatment group. Conclusion: Both groups received adequate analgesics so that they had similar WBFS, but the incidence of side was significantly different in the two groups where the incidence of hypoxia, ileus, delirium, and postoperative nausea and vomiting are lower. So that OFA could be considered as an anesthetic technique of choice.

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delirium, hypoxia, ileus, nausea and vomiting, opioid free anesthesia, WBFS

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Sleep-related disorders are prevalent for older people in our modern society. Among many sleep disorders, sleep apnea is often found to be critical. A subject suffering from sleep apnea often found loud snoring during sleep due to restriction in the upper airway. As per standard, sleep apnea/hypopnea is defined as complete or partial cessation of airflow to the lungs during sleep for 10 sec or more. For treatment, assessment of apnea severity is essential and therefore requires sleep study. The laboratory-based sleep study is cost-intensive and also scare. This work attempts to develop a FUZZY based automated apnea event detection system with the help of an oro-nasal airflow signal that can be used in home-based monitoring of suspected subjects. Two-time domain-based indexes have been extracted from the measured oro-nasal airflow signal: instantaneous volume flow rate and variance. These indices are fed to the FUZZY system for the detection of Apnea/Hypopnea events. This work analyses overnight sleep recordings of oro-nasal airflow signals from 16 subjects diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. For validation, an independent test has been performed on four randomly chosen recordings. The result was found to be very promising, with 92% accuracy in the case of apnea event detection and 85.6% accuracy for hypopnea event detection. The proposed system can be used for home-based screening of suspected apneic subjects and can count a total number of apnea and hypopnea events during sleep.

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Apnea-hypopnea event detection, respiration signal, fuzzy inference system, variance, volume flow rate

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: ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????, ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ? ???, ??????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ???, ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??, ??? ???? ?? ???? -????????? ????? These lines of poetry by Rashtrakavi Maithilisharan Gupta remind us of our glorious past and inspire that we, who have become accustomed to look at other countries in the matter today, are nothing but forgetting our past. An important pillar of this past was Rishi Bodhayana. Baudhayana was the ancient mathematician of India and the author of Shulba Sutra and Shrauta Sutra. Euclid's geometry is taught all over the world, considering it to be authentic in the subject of geometry. But it should be remembered that even before Euclid, the great Greek geometry, many geometry scientists in India had discovered important laws of geometry, among those geometry, the name of Bodhayana is paramount, in India Geometry or Geometry was called Shulva Shastra.

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Shulba Sutra, Shrauta Sutra, Rhombus, Sage Baudhayan, Yagya, pi, Hypotenuse

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MANET, AODV, security Attack, multipath AODV Performance Metrics, NS-2.

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Deula, Shikhara,Shilpa Shashtra, Inscriptions, Shaktipithas, Kalinga style.

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Kiran Desai, Anita Desai, Women characters, alienation, Identity Crisis, Socio- Cultural conditions, globalization, multiculturalism

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Abstract: Improving the well-being of mothers, infants, and children is an important public health goal for any country. The well-being mother and child determine the health of the next generation and can help predict future public health challenges for families, communities, and the health care system. Thus NRHM was implemented in 2005 to provide affordable and accessible and qualitative health care services to the rural population of the country by strengthening the rural health care system by providing all the basic health care infrastructure in the rural India. One of the important components of the mission is to provide free maternal health care by reducing the financial burden of accessing maternal healthcare services to the rural people. Hence this paper intends to study the socio-economic determinants influencing the utilization of maternal health care services among the beneficiaries NRHM in a rural area of Vijaypur district. The study has selected 4 Primary Health Centers in Indi taluk of Vijaypur district. Study area represents total 218 samples distributed in the study area. The study found that the access to maternal health care services is influenced by individual, household and community level factors. Socio economic factors like age, education, occupation of the women, occupation of the husband, household economic status are important determinant of access and under utilization of maternal health care services.

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NRHM, MCH service

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