Volume 13 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are two prevalent conditions that frequently co-occur, exacerbating patient morbidity. This review explores factors influencing the prevalence of COPD in MetS patients, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and lymphocyte counts. Both conditions are characterized by systemic inflammation, with elevated CRP levels commonly seen in COPD patients with MetS. Inflammatory mediators such as adipokines and cytokines from visceral fat and insulin resistance contribute to this heightened inflammatory state. COPD patients with MetS also experience altered immune function, often reflected in reduced lymphocyte counts, influenced by corticosteroid treatment and chronic inflammation. Prevalence of COPD in MetS is influenced by common risk factors including obesity, smoking, aging, and physical inactivity, which simultaneously promote both conditions. The presence of comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, further complicates clinical outcomes. Lifestyle factors, particularly diet and exercise, play critical roles in modulating inflammation and immune function, potentially lowering CRP levels and improving lymphocyte counts. Effective management of COPD and MetS involves controlling inflammation, optimizing medication regimens, and promoting lifestyle changes like smoking cessation, physical activity, and weight management. Understanding these interconnections is key to improving patient outcomes and managing the dual burden of COPD and MetS.

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 Keywords

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), C-reactive Protein (CRP), Lymphocyte Counts, Inflammation

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Abstract Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have emerged as promising candidates for efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion technologies. Their high energy conversion efficiency and fuel flexibility make them particularly attractive for various applications, ranging from stationary power generation to portable electronic devices. Recently, research has focused on utilizing nanostructured materials to enhance the performance of SOFCs. This comprehensive review summarizes the latest advancements in the design, fabrication, and characterization of nanostructured materials integrated in SOFC. The review begins by elucidating the fundamental principles underlying SOFC operation, emphasizing the critical role of electrode materials, electrolytes, and interfacial interactions in overall cell performance, and the importance of nanostructured materials in addressing key challenges. It provides an in-depth analysis of various types of nanostructures, highlighting their roles in improving the electrochemical performance, stability, and durability of SOFCs. Furthermore, this review delves into the fabrication techniques that enable precise control over nanostructure morphology, composition, and architecture. The influence of nanoscale effects on ionic and electronic transport within the electrolyte and electrodes is thoroughly explored, shedding light on the mechanisms behind enhanced performance. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on nanostructured materials for SOFCs, this review aims to guide researchers, engineers, and policymakers toward the development of high-performance, cost-effective, and sustainable energy conversion systems.

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Keywords: SOFC; nanostructures; nanomaterials; electrochemistry; energy conversion; interfacial reactions; durability

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Abstract: Microwave irradiation has significantly affected the field of organic synthesis and has, emerged as a valuable methodology for facilitating rapid and efficient chemical transformations. In this study, we investigated the oxidation of cyclohexanamine by di-tertiary-butyl chromate (TBC) under microwave irradiation in various organic solvents, including tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1,4-dioxane, and dichloromethane (DCM). The reaction mixtures were prepared by combining the substrate solution with TBC in appropriate ratios, followed by stirring and microwave irradiation for specific durations. The resulting products were characterized using a combination of chemical and instrumental techniques, including elemental analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and mass loss patterns. Our findings demonstrate that this microwave-assisted approach aligns with the principles of green chemistry and offers a sustainable and efficient route for cyclohexanamine oxidation.

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 Keywords

Di-tertiary-butyl chromate (TBC), Cyclohexanamine, Tetrahydrofuran, Dichloro Methane (DCM), Microwave heating

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Clinicians have been interested in unilocular radiolucencies for decades. Clinical and radiological features are used to diagnose these disorders since clinical presentation alone is insufficient. Despite the enormous advancements in imaging, there is still a chance that a novice clinician may frequently misdiagnose this entity. Therefore, having a solid understanding of the different unilocular radiolucencies is crucial for the physician. In these situations, making good use of diagnostic tools and paying close attention can undoubtedly benefit in making an accurate diagnosis and providing high-quality care.

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Unilocular, impacted teeth, Odontogenic.

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The role of textile industry in India's modern industrialization is particularly significant. Textile industry was the most important form of textile industry. With the dominance of European industrialists in the jute, tea, and coal industries, and despite the opposition of the capitalists, Indian cotton was able to establish its own place in the world market. However, since the Mughal era, Indian fine textiles had a world-class reputation. The spinning mill, which was established in 1838 AD at Ghushuri in Howrah district, was soon closed due to debt. Weaving began in India in 1853 AD with the establishment of the first loom under the leadership of Kwamji Nanabhai Davar in Bombay. This Bombay spinning mill emerged as a pioneer of the textile industry and arguably the shining star of modern textile production. Since then communities like Parsis, Gujarati and Bohra Muslims entered the modern factories of Karpus Tattva and textile industry. By 1875 AD, 48 cloth mills were established in places like Nagpur, Ahmedabad, Sholapur etc. and the cotton textile industry expanded tremendously and remained unabated till 1914 AD. These mills had about 10,000 looms and 10 lakh spinning spindles. However, during the American Civil War, the cotton industry experienced a period of difficulty due to a sharp increase in the price of cotton, but after the end of the Civil War, it revived again in the centers of Indian cotton industry, i.e., the industry expanded again. More than 53,000 people were then employed in this industry.

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Cotton, Industry , Production, Textile , India, Factory, Economic, Growth

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Pemphigus is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by blistering of the skin and mucous membranes, with an incidence of 0.1-0.5 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. The disease is most prevalent in Ashkenazi Jews due to specific HLA class II gene associations. Pemphigus encompasses several subtypes, including pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus vegetans, paraneoplastic pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, and mucous membrane pemphigoid, each with distinct clinical and histological features. The pathogenesis typically involves autoantibodies targeting desmosomal proteins, leading to acantholysis and blister formation. Clinical manifestations often begin with oral lesions, progressing to skin blistering, and may involve significant morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Current treatments primarily focus on immunosuppressive therapies, including corticosteroids and monoclonal antibodies, tailored to individual patient needs and disease severity. Understanding the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and evolving therapeutic strategies is essential for effective management of pemphigus and its variants.

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 Keywords

vesiculobullous, pemphigus, autoimmune disease

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This paper presents the overview of Fault Current Limiters, its evolution with timeline, types and alternate options. The study can help the user give more insight to various types and alternate options for selection of fault current limiter. The paper reveals that FCL is crucial for limiting fault current and enhancing power system stability, reliability and safety.

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Fault Current Limiters, Resistive FCL, Inductive FCL, Superconducting FCL, Solid State FCL, Hybrid FCL, power system stability

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With a growing number of businesses relying on modern cloud-based solutions to simplify how procurement and supply chain functions are accomplished, SAP Ariba Cloud Integration Gateway (CIG) is fast becoming an indispensable resource. In this article, we examine SAP Ariba CIG functionality and its advantages, specifically on what methods can be leveraged to integrate SAP Ariba CIG by switching from legacy middleware such as PI or PO. A detailed migration process is also mentioned in the book including with flow charts for the migration.

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SAP Ariba CIG, Procurement Integration, Cloud Middleware, Enterprise Integration, SAP ERP, SAP S/4HANA, Digital Transformation, Middleware Migration, Supply Chain Integration, Data Automation.

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AI has revolutionised the media industry by making content creation, curation, data analysis, advanced advertising techniques easy and possible. It also altered the workplace dynamics, replaced humans in certain job roles, and created some ethical issues. This study explores the ethical implications of AI-assisted creative writing in media and in literature, a growing field where artificial intelligence tools are an alternative for human creativity. The study clearly states the ethical concerns arise on the authorship, originality, copyright, bias, and the social and cultural impact of AI in creative writing. The methodology was adopted by analysing existing literature and case studies of current AI applications in writing. This research's sole objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the ethical challenges faced by content creators, media persons and society. It concludes with a discussion of potential frameworks and guidelines to address these issues responsibly in future.

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Artificial intelligence, media industry, impact, ethical considerations, content creation

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The Automatic Exam Paper Generator is an innovative system designed to simplify and enhance the examination process in educational institutions. This system automates the generation of question papers based on predefined data and syllabus, incorporating Bloom's Taxonomy to ensure balanced and structured question sets. Additionally, it securely transmits question papers using cryptographic techniques to authorized individuals. The system also includes an automated answer evaluation feature that utilizes a keyword matching algorithm for subjective assessments, reducing human error and workload. By streamlining question paper preparation and evaluation, this solution saves time, enhances efficiency, and supports educators in managing extensive syllabus with ease.

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 Keywords

AI, Automation, Exam Paper Generation, Question Paper Customization, Educational Technology, Web Application.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition