Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

The customary practices of oaths and ordeals constituted the supreme guiding principles of justice within the Tagin community prior to the advent of the modern legal system. Rooted in Pwrw-Vba, the uncodified Tagin constitution, these mechanisms functioned as primary sources of customary law and moral order. Justice was administered through ritualized trials such as Senyu-Paatv Nyudung Gamnam, Riokdar Taja Gaknam, Sidung Taja Inam, Sebi Dumpo Topnam, Yalwng Tasing Topnam, Raaji Raayo Tonam etc which were regarded as divinely sanctioned and socially binding. While these practices ensured accountability and legitimacy, they were inherently perilous, involving physical and spiritual risks. Although largely discontinued today, residual beliefs persist, with occasional attempts to invoke them in serious disputes. This study employs descriptive and analytical methods, using purposive sampling and unstructured interviews, to critically examine these traditions as instruments of justice, their cultural foundation and their continuing symbolic relevance in contemporary Tagin society.

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Customary Justice, Oaths and Ordeals, Tagin indigenous legal system, Pwrw-Vba and Pre-Modern Judicial Practices.

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Abstract This research investigates the determinants of brand loyalty within the iron and steel sector of Musiri, specifically examining how product attributes, customer satisfaction, and relationship management influence repeat purchase behavior. Utilizing a descriptive research design and convenience sampling, primary data was collected from a diverse group of stakeholders, including professional contractors, civil engineers, and individual homebuilders. The findings identify product quality as the primary determinant of brand loyalty, significantly outweighing the influence of price or traditional advertising. Statistical analysis confirms a robust positive correlation between perceived quality and loyalty, while an even stronger relationship was found between relationship management--encompassing dealer trust and after-sales service--and future purchase intentions. The study concludes that brand loyalty in this region is primarily driven by technical excellence and deep-rooted dealer-customer trust, suggesting that firms should prioritize service quality and professional relationship building over aggressive price-based competition to secure sustainable market share.

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Iron and steel sectors, brand loyalty, service quality, customer satisfaction and customer intentions.

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ABSTRACT Weddings have evolved from intimate cultural ceremonies to grand events influenced by social media, celebrity culture, and modern consumerist trends. This paper reviews existing literature on wedding expenses, examining how socio-cultural factors and economic pressures contribute to the increasing costs of weddings. This paper aims to understand the interplay between tradition and modernity in wedding consumption and offers insights for future research and policy development. It highlights key themes, including conspicuous consumption, social status reinforcement, parental influence, and the role of media in shaping youth aspirations. The Indian wedding industry, valued at approximately $130 billion, highlights the extent of financial investment in these ceremonies (Gupta, 2024). Celebrity culture and digital media, especially Bollywood weddings and platforms like Instagram, set unrealistic expectations, escalating costs. The review identifies gaps in the literature, particularly in empirical studies on the direct impact of celebrity culture and social media on wedding expenditures. Future research should focus on the quantitative impact of social media on wedding spending, cross-cultural comparisons of wedding expenditures, sustainable wedding financing policies, and the psychological effects of financial stress due to extravagant weddings.

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Wedding cost, Cultural traditions, social media, Celebrity Culture, Youth aspirations

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding prevention and management of post partum haemorrhage among mothers in selecting community area, Bareilly, U.P. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1.To assess the knowledge regarding post partum haemorrhage among mothers. 2.To evaluate the effectiveness of post partum haemorrhage among mothers. 3.To find the association of knowledge scores regarding prevention and management of post partum haemorrhage among mothers with their selected demographic variables. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Post partum haemorrhage is one of the most alarming andserious emergencies a midwife may face and is especiallyterrifying if it occurs immediately following a straight forward birth.It is always a frightening experience for the woman and canundermine her confidence, influence her attitude to future childbearing and delay in her recovery.

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 Keywords

H. : Hypothesis S.D. : Standard Deviation % : Percentage x2 : Chi-square < : Less than > : More than PPH : Post Partum Haemorrhage STP : Structured Teaching Programme VBAC : Vaginal birth after a caesarean section

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Abstract Feminist criticism has profoundly influenced modern philosophy of science, contesting the field's conventional concepts of objectivity, neutrality, and universality. This paper investigates feminist viewpoints on science, analyzing their origins, key arguments, and consequences for scientific practice and philosophy. This text critically assesses the influence of gender bias on the production of scientific knowledge, examines the evolution of feminist epistemology and standpoint theory, and analyzes how feminist scholars have identified and confronted androcentrism and exclusion in scientific research. The paper concludes by contemplating the transformative capacity of feminist critiques for a more inclusive and empirically sound science.

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Keywords: Feminist Epistemology, Objectivity, Gender Bias, Standpoint Theory, Philosophy of Science, Scientific Method

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Home accidents are unexpected and unintentional injuries that occur within the home environment, often resulting in harm to children. Common home accidents include fall, electrocution, burn, suffocation, foreign body aspiration, foreign body in ear, foreign body in nose, drowning, cut, chocking, poisoning, which can lead to serious health complications or even death if not prevented. It was a Quasi-experimental one group Pre-test Post-test design was used to assess the effectiveness of structure teaching program on knowledge and practice regarding home accidents among the mother's of under five children at Shampur Village, Bhubaneswar. In this study mother's were selected by using simple random sampling technique and data was collected by using self-structured questionnaire method. In analysis, findings shows that there is significant association between Pre-test and Post-test knowledge among mother's of under five children as calculated 't' value is greater than tabulated 't' value i.e. 8.74 > 2.05 at 'p' value 0.05 level of significance. In analysis, finding shows that there is significant association between Pre-test and Post test practice score among mother's of under five children as calculated 't' value is greater than tabulated 't' value i.e. 6.18 > 2.05 at 'p' value 0.05 level of significance. Overall observation of level of knowledge shows that 53.3% of mother's had poor knowledge, 33.3% of mother's had average knowledge 13% had good knowledge and 0% had excellent knowledge and after structure teaching programme it increased to 3.3% of mother's had poor knowledge,13.3%of mother's had average knowledge 33.3% had good knowledge and 50% had excellent knowledge.

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Study, Assess, Effectiveness, Structure Teaching Program, Knowledge, Practice, Prevention of Home Accident, Mother's of Under Five Children .

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Virtual interview systems are increasingly used in recruitment processes, yet they face major challenges in capturing behavioral cues such as sentiment, nervousness, and body language that are essential for fair and accurate candidate evaluations. Current platforms primarily focus on candidate preparation while offering minimal support to interviewers, leading to bias, inconsistency, and overlooked talent. This paper presents DualPrep, an AI powered interview platform designed to empower both candidates and interviewers through real time behavioral analysis and adaptive questioning. The system integrates sentiment analysis via DeepFace, video conferencing through DigitalSamba, natural language generation using Cohere API, and Firebase for data management. Unlike traditional platforms that automate the entire hiring process and often result in trust issues, DualPrep assists interviewers by providing evidence based insights and dynamically generated follow up questions while maintaining human oversight in final decisions. The platform addresses key limitations of existing systems including lack of adaptive questioning, insufficient interviewer support, and poor integration of multimodal analysis. Future enhancements include implementing cheating prevention mechanisms and conducting in depth technical analysis. This research contributes to the growing body of work on AI assisted recruitment by proposing a balanced approach that combines automation with human judgment.

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Virtual Interviews, AI in Recruitment, Sentiment Analysis, Adaptive Questioning, Behavioral Analytics, Interviewer Assistance, DeepFace, Cohere API

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DEPARTMENT OF STUDIES IN EDUCATION

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DAVANGERE UNIVERSITY

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In this paper, we have introduced new form of sets called tetra neutrosophic set and its properties are studied.

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neutrosophic set,tn set

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Piezo-hydraulic (motors) actuators are a cutting-edge technology designed and developed for applications such as energy harvesting, precise positioning, and providing a blocking force for directional control valves, among other uses. The objectives of this review are to explore the advancements in piezo-hydraulic actuators, summarise their theoretical and experimental results, and assess their applications in various fields. By combining these results, the article provides a comprehensive overview that could serve as valuable data for future development and research. This review supports other research authors in verifying and utilising this data collection for their research work.

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Piezo hydraulic, actuators, fluid, piezoelectric, and material.

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