Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Abstract -- Many different fields, such as autonomous attendance devices based on face recognition, employee attendance records, safety, protection, and police applications like identifying thieves in photos that aid in their capture, can benefit from the gathering of images from cameras or closed-circuit television cameras and the application of recognition outcomes based on facial detection and recognition. With face detection and recognition technology, we can reduce human labour and improve security when it comes to recording student attendance for lectures, labs, or sections. This system allows the lecturer or faculty member to make options about who to record the attendance of each student. It saves a great deal of time and work, particularly in large class lectures. Exam-related concerns can be resolved with the use of this pupil's history, which is utilised in the monitoring system to demonstrate the application of facial detection tools. The suggested system uses the Haar cascade technique for facial feature identification and segmentation. It is a CNN-based facial identification method. Comparing the proposed method to state-of-the-art methods, it reached precision of 98%.

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Artificial intelligence, Face recognition, Deep learning, Face expressions, Internet of things.

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In 1930, Albert Einstein discussed the philosophical implications of his general theory of relativity for cosmology. In 1983, Stephen Hawking examined the philosophical implications of the cosmological constant and its role in cosmology. In 1986, Barrow and Tipler discussed the philosophical concept of the anthropic principle and its significance for understanding the universe. In 1997, Lee Smolin's book offers a philosophical exploration of cosmology, discussing the implications of the universe's evolution and the role of natural selection in cosmological theories. Many authors have discussed their philosophical and scientific approaches to cosmology. After examining their studies in the field of cosmology, one question arose in my mind: "Why are we curious about the Universe?" The answer to this question, which we obtained through a philosophical approach with some scientific evidence, is that we are a part of the Universe. We have correlated humans as part of the Earth through a comparative study of Prathvi Dhatu (Bones and muscles), Aap (liquid), Tej (heat), and Wayu (gases) in our body. Through these observations and evidences, we come to the conclusion that we are part of the Earth, and knowing that Earth is part of the Universe implies that we are part of the Universe. This article elaborates on how we are part of the universe.

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Cosmology, Philosophical implications, Universe, Comparative study.

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Giloy, or Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), is a well-known therapeutic plant in both contemporary pharmacological study and Ayurveda. Its many therapeutic qualities, including as immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities, have drawn a lot of attention as a promising bioactive agent. Alkaloids, diterpenoid lactones, glycosides, steroids, and polysaccharides are among the many phytoconstituents found in the plant that contribute to its complex pharmacological actions. Guduchi is an effective immunotherapeutic and adaptogenic drug since recent research has shown that it can regulate the immune response by increasing macrophage activity and cytokine production. Its ability to prevent oxidative stress-related illnesses is further supported by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.Tinospora cordifolia, which bridges the gap between traditional knowledge and modern pharmacological science, is therefore a useful source for new drug discovery and development in contemporary medicine.

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Guduchi, Tinospora cardiofolia, Immunomodulator.

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Background: In Ayurveda, Kleda represents the physiological moisture essential for tissue integrity, while its pathological state (Vikrita Kleda) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of several metabolic and systemic disorders. Prameha is classically described as a Kleda-pradhana Vyadhi, yet its etiopathological expression in relation to measurable laboratory parameters remains underexplored. Aim: To establish Pramehagata Vikrita Kleda as a distinct etiopathological entity and to evaluate its association with laboratory parameters in Prameha and related disorders. Methods: A clinical observational study was conducted on 100 subjects, comprising 20 patients each of Prameha, Sthoulya, Sotha, Kustha, and Vrana. Assessment of Vikrita Kleda was carried out using a specially designed proforma derived from classical Ayurvedic descriptions of Kapha vriddhi and Ama, supported by objective laboratory investigations including fasting and postprandial blood glucose, blood urea, serum creatinine, and urine examination. The presence of Vikrita Kleda was confirmed when four or more predefined clinical features were observed. Results: Prameha patients demonstrated the highest incidence of Vikrita Kleda features, particularly Avila Mutrata (100%), Mutramadhurya (75%), Pipasa Adhikya (80%), and Nidra Adhikya (80%). Laboratory findings revealed consistently elevated fasting (100%) and postprandial blood sugar levels (80%), along with a higher incidence of raised blood urea (65%) and serum creatinine (70%), suggesting systemic involvement of Kleda dushti. Urine analysis showed a predominance of cloudy and turbid urine in Prameha, whereas other disease groups largely exhibited normal urinary parameters. Conclusion: The study validates Pramehagata Vikrita Kleda as a key etiopathological factor in Prameha, with clear clinical and laboratory correlations. Biochemical parameters and urine characteristics may serve as objective indicators of Kleda dushti, supporting an integrative approach to understanding Prameha through both Ayurvedic principles and modern diagnostics.

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Ayurveda, Kleda, Prameha, FBS, PPBS, Creatinine, BUN, Urine Examination

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This article examines the political and cultural processes through which Maithili was negotiated as a distinct linguistic identity in twentieth-century Mithila. Drawing on periodicals, literary debates and public interventions produced within the emerging print culture, the paper analyses how language became a site of collective self-definition and political contestation. Three interrelated arenas are explored: debates over script and the symbolic revival of Mithilakshar, shifting negotiations between Maithili and Hindi within provincial and national imaginaries, and efforts to regulate linguistic respectability through discourses of purity, vulgarity and cultural refinement. The article argues that these debates were not merely technical questions of grammar or orthography but reflected deeper struggles over cultural authority, social hierarchy and regional belonging in a rapidly transforming colonial and postcolonial public sphere. While early twentieth-century actors often framed Maithili's claims defensively against the expanding dominance of Hindi, post-independence discussions reveal new strategies of inclusion, mobilization and cultural legitimation. By situating Maithili within broader processes of vernacular modernization and linguistic standardization in South Asia, the paper highlights how regional language movements simultaneously articulated aspirations for autonomy, respectability and participation in the national political order.

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Maithili; vernacular politics; script and print culture; Hindi; linguistic identity; Bihar

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This article examines the historical transition of clothing practices and associated lifestyles along Mahatma Gandhi Road, one of the principal arterial corridors of Thiruvananthapuram. Situating dress within the intersecting frameworks of caste, gender, colonial intervention, and urban modernity, the study traces how clothing evolved from a socially regulated marker of hierarchy to a consumer-oriented expression of identity. Central to this transformation were socio-religious reform movements such as the Channar Lahala (Upper Cloth Mutiny), which challenged caste-based restrictions on bodily cover and catalysed wider social change in nineteenth-century Travancore. The introduction of tailoring units, sewing machines, missionary influence, and Western sartorial norms further reshaped clothing practices across communities.

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Arterial road; colonial modernity; city- making; upper cloth rebellion; caste hierarchy; consumer culture; body and identity

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A study to effectiveness of play therapy. upon anxiety among hospitalized children in Chennai, tamilnadu, India. the 30 childrens from 1 month to 12 years was selected by randomize technique to ventilate fear and to the state anxiety inventory scale were used this scale consist of 20 items it is four point scale study was no significant difference in the mean SD of anxiety levels (M=49.548.4 and SD=8.30, 8.36)before and after play therapy whereas in experimental group significant difference in mean and standard deviation of anxiety (M=49, 42.76 and SD=8.40)was noted before and after play therapy at p<0.01 overall study findings have identified the play therapy is effective in reducing the anxiety among hospitalized children.(Bency Davidson 2017) Objectives: 1.3.1To assesses the pretest level of anxiety among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna. 1.3.2To administer the therapeutic play to give creativity among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna. 1.3.3To assess the post test level regarding anxiety among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna. 1.3.4 To find out the significant association between post test level regarding anxiety among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna.Method and Materials:. Quasi experimental research design such as non randomize control group Design was used. Sample size was 30. The samples selected by convenient sampling technique. The study was conducted in Deepak Hospital Jalna. District , Maharashtra. Paired 't' and chi square test was used to assess the significant difference and association in pre and post level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play on anxiety among hospitalized children of Deepak Hospital, Jalna. Major findings: 6.1.1 Most of the childrens in pre-test post-test experimental group and control group were belongs to 3 to 5 years of age. (Table 4.1 & Figure 4.1.1) 6.1.2 Most of the childrens in experimental group are male and most of the children in the control group are females. (Table 4.1 and figure 4.1.2) 6.1.3 Most of the childrens was admitted on 23112019 (Table 4.1 and figure 4.1.3) 6.1.4 The result shows that majority of the childrens in post test of experimental group have mild anxiety. (Table 4.4.1 and table 4.4.1). 6.1.5There was no significant difference in the pre-test and post-test level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play among Hospitalized children. Therefore the first hypothesis was rejected. (Table no 4.5and figure 4.5.1) 6.1.6There was no association between pre- test level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in experimental group with age among hospitalized children. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4..1) 6.1.7There was no association between pre-test levels of effectiveness of Therapeutic plays in experimental with sex among hospitalized childrens. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4.5.2) 6.1.8 There was no association between pre test and post-test levels of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in control group with age among hospitalized childrens. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4.5.3)6.1.9 There was no association between pre test and post-test levels of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in control group with sex among hospitalized childrens. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected.(table 6.1.6There was no association between post- test level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in experimental group with age among hospitalized children. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4..1) 6.1.7There was no association between post-test level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in experimental group with sex among hospitalized childrens . Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4.5.2) Conclusion: The study was taken to assess the effectiveness of Therapeutic play in childrens of age 2 to 5 years to reduce anxiety among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna. Maharashtra This study finding will help the nursing students to understand the importance of the Therapeutic play to reduce anxiety.

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THERAPEUTIC PLAY TO REDUCE THE ANXIETY AMONG HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN AGE GROUP OF 2 TO 5 YEARS

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Drainage arrangement denotes to the specific organization, spatial decoration of principal watercourse and its branches form conjugately. Lithology, geological structure and geomorphic account perform vital role in drainage designs development. Existent study is an assessment of possible structural and topographic appliance on drainage pattern of Denwa watershed, central India. Study area includes part of Satpura range extending from 22?15?25"N to 22?37?52"N latitude and 77?59?26"E to 78?31?36"E longitude with 1997 sq.km. area. Plateau and hills of Satpura manifests the topography. Different drainage configurations are deciphered and processed from Survey of India Topographical maps (55 J/2, 3, 6, 7, 10 & 11) on 1:50,000 scale and superimposed on Geological Maps. There five kinds of drainage arrangements (dendritic, radial, rectangular, parallel, and herringbone) are dominant. Streams are commonly superimposed on present-day youthful topography of exhumed Gondwana formation from Deccan Trap terrain.

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DEVELOPMENT OF DRAINAGE PATTERN IN DENWA WATERSHED MADHYA PRADESH, CENTRAL INDIA

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This review discusses the current understanding and therapeutic applications of herbal medicines in the management of vitiligo. Herbal therapies are considered to offer a natural treatment approach with relatively fewer adverse effects compared to synthetic drugs. However, synthetic treatments are often effective in controlling disease progression, although their long-term use may be associated with adverse effects. Overall, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of traditional and modern herbal approaches for vitiligo management, highlighting their potential role in developing safer and more effective therapeutic strategies.

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Vitiligo, Capsaicin, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory

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The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO?) on the seed germination of Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell. (Amaranthus) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Hibiscus). Seeds were subjected to seven treatments: 0 mg (control), 1 mg, 3 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg of sodium bicarbonate solution. The control group exhibited 100% germination, indicating normal physiological activity in the absence of stress. However, with increasing concentrations of sodium bicarbonate, a gradual reduction in germination percentage was observed. At the highest concentration (15 mg), germination was markedly reduced, demonstrating the inhibitory effect of sodium bicarbonate on seed viability and early seedling growth. The study concludes that sodium bicarbonate induces alkaline stress, adversely affecting seed germination, with Amaranthus showing relatively greater tolerance compared to Hibiscus sabdariffa.

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Amaranthus dubis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Sodium bicarbonate, Seed germination, Salinity stress.

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